中國佛教史傳與目錄源出律學沙門之探討（中）

A STUDY ON CHINESE BUDDHIST BIOGRAPHIES AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES DERIVED FROM THE VINAYA SECT (Part Two)

曹仕邦(Tso Sze-bong)

《新亞學報》 7卷1期 (1965/02) Pp. 305+307-361+ap4-5

並列摘要

In Part Two this monograph deals with historical and bibliographical works written during the T'ang (唐) dynasty by Buddhist monks of the Vinaya Sect (律宗). The most worthy-note author was the monk Tao-hsüan (道宣), who was one of the founders of the Dhāmāgupta-vinaya (四分律) Sect and the principal assistant to the monk Hsüan-tsang (玄奘) at his Translation Centre (譯場). In the field of history Tao-hsüan wrote the Hsü kao-sêng chuan (續高僧傳), a continuation of the Kao-sêng chuan (高僧傳) or "Biographies of Eminent Buddhist Monks,, by the monk Hui-chiao (慧皎) of the Liang (梁) dynasty. In his "Continuation of the Biographies of Eminent Buddhist Monks" Tao-hsüan made important alterations of the "ten categories" (十科). This new method of classification had since been followed by all biographers of Buddhist monks. In the sphere of bibliography Tao-hsüan compiled the Ta-T'ang nei-tien lu (大唐內典錄 "Bibliography of Buddhist Canons Compiled in the T'ang Dynasty"), which is in style a worthy successor to the monk Sêng-yu's (僧祐) Ch'u san-tsang chi chi (出三藏記集). Since Sêng-yu's time Buddhist bibliographies had been of two kinds. One emphasizes the dates of the translation and the name of the translators, and the other stresses the method of classification and the authenticity of these works. It is in Sêng-yu's compilation that these two features are once again combined. Moreover, having translated Sutras himself, he surpassed all his predecessors in properly classifying Buddhist canons, for he was well acquainted with the various of the Sanskrit texts and their sources. Part Two of this monograph also mentions two other works: the Ta-T'ang Hsi-yü ch'iu-fa kao-sêng chuan (大唐西域求法高僧傳"Biographies of the Westward Pilgrims in the T'ang Dynasty") and the Ta-Chou k'an-ting chung-ching mu-lu (大周刋定眾經目錄"The Bibliography of Buddhist Canons Authorised by Empress Wu Tsê-t'ien"). The former was written by the monk I-ching (義淨) on his return voyage from India and the South Seas. The latter was compiled by Ming-ch'üan (明佺) at the command of Empress Wu Tsê-t'ien (武則天) and with more than seventy assistants. Strictly speaking, however, these works are far inferior to those by Tao-hsüan.