由「溲」字看吳語處衢方言的歷史音韻層次

On the Original Character Sou溲 and the Diachronic Strata of Phonology in Chu-qu Sub-dialect of the Wu Dialect

林貝珊(Lin Bei-shan)

《中國文學研究》 34期 (2012/07) Pp. 1-31

https://doi.org/10.29419/SICL.201207_(34).0001

摘要

本文分析吳語處衢方言「ɕyo1」等讀音的本字是否為「溲」，初步先比對二者聲韻調三方面在方言間共時的對應關係，然後進行處衢方言歷時的層次分析工作。首先分析出「幽魚侯同讀層次」，初步確認了開化、江山、廣豐、玉山「溲」字的讀音為此層次韻讀；接著由於「溲」字與古魚部的密切關係，分析出「魚歌寒桓同讀層次」，可以證明龍游、遂昌、雲和、慶元的讀音屬此層次韻讀。最後，常山方言的讀音較特殊，本文認為有兩種可能，一為「溲」字的例外音變，一為止攝合口三等字的後起讀音。總而言之，本文的結論是，除了常山之外，開化「ɕyo1」等讀音的本字確實為「溲」字。關鍵

關鍵字

吳語處衢方言 ； 層次分析 ； 方言本字

並列摘要

This paper discusses the original character sou 溲 in the Chuqu 處衢 sub-dialect of the Wu 吳 dialect by examining synchronic correspondence between character and sound in the aspects of consonants, rhymes and tones, as well as doing necessary diachronic strata analysis of the Chuqu dialect. The author found a diachronic stratum with the same sound of you yu hou 幽魚侯 and made sure the sound of sou in Kaihua 開化, Jiangshan 江山, Guangfeng 廣豐, and Yushan 玉山 matches this diachronic stratum. Because of a close relationship between sou and the Yu 魚 category, the author found another diachronic stratum with the same sound of yu ge han huan 魚歌寒桓 and made sure the sound of sou in Longyou 龍游, Suichang 遂昌, Yunhe 雲和, and Qingyuan 慶元 matches such a diachronic stratum. Finally, with regar to the special sound of the Changshan 常山 dialect, the sound of sou may be an exception of sound variation or a later-rising sound of the Zhi category mouth-closed third level character 止攝合口三等字. In conclusion, the original character of the Chuqu sub-dialect should be 溲 except in Changshan 常山.

並列關鍵字

Chuqu sub-dialect of the Wu dialect ； diachronic strata analysis ； original character