隱居求志與舞雩風樂－論袁燮的園林書寫

袁燮（1144－1224），字和叔，號絜齋，南宋慶元府鄞縣人。治象山心學，一生以學問德性自期，以家國百姓為念，嘗曰：「闡斯道之奧，發是心之良，而輔成國家之風教者，其惟學乎！」晚年退居園林，撰有〈是亦樓記〉、〈願豐樓記〉、〈是亦園記〉、〈秀野園記〉、〈直清亭記〉與〈隱求堂記〉等作品。清代全祖望評袁氏之園嘗曰：「從來文章，家所敘次園榭之勝，不過流連光景，張皇其位置之工，未有以儒林之法言入之者。」可知對袁燮而言，園林的意義並非耳目近玩，而在學問心志的寄託。然其所託為何？本文擬從隱逸觀、園林觀以及體物觀三個角度切入，梳理袁燮的園林書寫，觀看他如何藉隱居以求志達道，如何在園林中實踐顏樂；又如何以問學為核心，賦予園林以舞雩風樂的理想。

關鍵字

袁燮；園林書寫；隱居求志；樂

並列摘要

This article aims to explore the theme of ＂Garden Writing＂ by Yuan Xie (1144-1224) from the Southern Sung dynasty. Yuan Xie was a Neo-Confucian who cared for his country and people throughout his entire life, even after retreating into the gardens. Yuan Xie believed that education was the only key for cultivating talents, and gardens were the ideal place for cultivating one's moral character. This was why he retreated into the gardens when he returned to his hometown in Yinxian (鄞縣). The first section of this article explores the reason and aspiration for Yuan Xie's retreat. The second and third section focus on the spirit and deliver his inspirational ideals and insights in education behind his works ＂Shi Yi Yuan Ji＂ and ＂Xiu Ye Yuan Ji＂. The fourth section discusses about the way Yuan Xie observes different matters. In conclusion, this article finds out how Yuan Xie's Garden Writing differs from a reflection of just pure pleasure. To him, gardens were not for indulgence, but a significant place to strengthen his own mind, put his ambitions to practice and empower him to make right decisions.

並列關鍵字

Yuan Xie ； Garden Writing ； happiness

參考文獻

林素芬：〈「獨樂」與「中和」──論司馬光園林書寫中的修身意涵〉，《東吳中文學報》第 21 期，2011 年 5 月，頁 117-146。DOI:10.29460/SJCS.201105.0005

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黃忠慎：〈心學與政治之間──袁燮《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》析論〉，《臺大中文學報》第 52 期，2016 年 3 月，頁 95-134。DOI:10.6281/NTUCL.2016.03.52.03

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隱居求志與舞雩風樂－論袁燮的園林書寫

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