空間與身體：元豐五、六年間蘇軾之心境反映－以家為考察中心

Space and Body: The Mentality of Su Shi During the Period of 1082-1083 - A Study Centered on Residence

蔡珮吟(Tsai Pei-yin)

《中國文學研究》 52期 (2021/07) Pp. 93-131

https://doi.org/10.29419/SICL.202107_(52).0003

摘要

元豐五年至六年為蘇軾文學創作能量相當豐碩的時期，在此之間，可以發現貶至黃州的蘇軾心境由浮動轉向安穩，而其心緒轉變亦可見於其家屋書寫。本文擬由身體感與家屋空間的互涉進一步探析，以蘇軾於黃州元豐五、六年間的家屋空間與文學作品為軸，考察其於家屋中的身體展演與空間描摹，進而窺探梳理蘇軾的心境變化。可以發現，元豐五年東坡與雪堂為主要活動空間，於東坡可見蘇軾欲以老農夫的身份轉換安頓自己，雪堂內則以雪的意象封閉感官與外界的紛擾，其中都夾帶「欲」與「將」以進入平靜的企圖。而元豐六年間的南堂則呈現漸顯舒緩的空間，包括熱鬧歡快的社交網絡與日常起居逐步開放的心靈空間，都透顯著更為安然的生活姿態。藉由家屋作品的梳理，我們可以更清晰的發現蘇軾由元豐五年「追求」適然的初始點，至元豐六年時的家屋書寫中則透顯「處於」適然的曠達之情間的展現。

關鍵字

蘇軾 ； 黃州 ； 空間 ； 身體感 ； 家屋

並列摘要

In terms of his literary output, the period between 1082 and 1083 was Su Shi's most prolific. During this time, his literature revealed a mental state alternating between restlessness triggered by his relegation to Huangzhou and a state of tranquility. Centering on Su's residence in Huangzhou during 1082 and his writings from this period, this article attempts to focus on the relationship between Su's senses and his surroundings. Examining his body-centric language while in solitude and his literary depiction of the space of his abode gives insight into his journey toward finding inner peace. In Su's writings, we can find his ＂eagerness＂ and ＂desperation*＂ to enter a state of tranquility. For example, Su lived in Dongpo (東坡) and Xuetang Hall (雪堂). In Dongpo, he tried to change his state of mind and stabilize himself by applying himself to farm work. In the Xuetang Hall, he took advantage of the concept of snow to shield his five senses from outside disturbances, attempting to bring ＂desire＂ and ＂determination＂ into quiescence. A series of poems Su wrote in 1083 reveal a positive turn of events, showing that the space of the South Hall (南堂) gradually became more pleasant. For example, he developed a strong social network based around family, neighbors, and friends, and also led a more flexible life. These developments suggest a more positive state of mind. We can see Su's mental journey beginning in 1082, with his ＂seeking for＂ tranquility. By 1083, his writing clearly shows his state of ＂being＂ there.

並列關鍵字

Su Shi ； Huang-Zhou ； Space ； Bodily feeling ； Residence

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