金屬3D列印：模擬可視化應用製程技術

New Era of 3D Printing: Simulated Visualization Manufacturing Technology

蔡宗汶 ； 鍾偉權 ； 林得耀 ； 吳宗明 ； 劉松河 ； 洪基彬

《機械工業雜誌》 431期 (2019/02) Pp. 48-56

摘要

積層製造的雷射粉體燒融(Selective Laser Melting, SLM)涉及雷射與粉體的交互作用、熱傳、融化、蒸發、凝固等，尤其凝固過程中液態金屬會因重力與液體內聚力的影響產生球化現象，諸多複雜的流動／成型特性將嚴重影響製作成品的品質，目前主要以試誤法來了解與改善之，然而在面對各種客製化設計、新開發材料、特殊設備模組、新穎製程時，成本過高且效率極低的試誤法已無法滿足需求。為了進一步了解成型與破壞機制，本文主要介紹工研院雷射中心發展之SLM相關預前模擬技術，藉此協助業者能對SLM相關學理機制有進一步的認識，並利用相關技術創造更多高值化產品。

關鍵字

金屬積層製造 ； 多尺度 ； 多物理耦合

並列摘要

Selective laser melting (SLM) process is one of the promising metal additive manufacturing technologies. SLM involves multi-phase and multi-physics issues needed to be solved such as heat transfer due to laser-powder interaction phase-changes and metal powder melting and solidification phenomena. During powder melting process, gravity and coherent forces could affect molten flow behavior and form voids causing porosity in component and lowered its mechanical strength quality. Moreover, high thermal gradients that caused by high heating and cooling rates during this process could create high residual stresses inside the final component and cause distortions. To solve the previous mentioned problems and to meet the demand of various customized design when new materials, special equipment modules and new manufacturing process are involved, conventional time consuming and costly trial-and-error method is not efficient and the best choice is to use the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) simulations. The main purpose of this article is to give a brief introduction to the basic principle of selective laser melting and the process simulation being developed by ITRI.

並列關鍵字

Metal additive manufacturing ； Multi-scale model ； Multi-physics coupling