論切韵音

On the Phonology of Ancient Chinese

周法高(CHOU FA-KAO)

《中國文化研究所學報》 1卷 (1968/09) Pp. 90-112

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.196809_1.0004

並列摘要

For the phonology of Ancient Chinese as represented by Ch'ieh-yün; a rime dictionary compiled in 601 by Lu Fa-yen and others, the present writer has suggested a ten vowel system; four vowels for the wai chuan 外轉(outer series): α, a, æ, ε; the other vowels for the nei chuan 內轉 (inner series): ә, e, I, i, o, u. i and u may be also used as medials. Each main vowel may be followed by -m, -n, -ng, -p, -t, -k, -i, -u or φ (zero). The present writer has taken into account the fan-ch'ieh doublets (重紐) of the finals of the third Division (等) and the labiodental development. The main vowels of a typical rime group (攝) of the outer series are as follows: 1st Division: α; 2nd Division: a, æ; 3rd Division (medial i): a, æ, α; 4th Division (medial i):ε. The main vowels of the rime groups of the inner series are as follows: 1st Division: ә; u, o; 3rd Division (medial i): e, I, ә, u, o. The finals of the third Division with main vowels a and e belong to the B type, while those with main vowels æ and I belong to the A type. These two types constitute the fan-ch'ieh doublets which were neglected by Bernhard Karlgren, Samuel E. Martin, etc. Before the finals with -iα-, -iә-, -io-, -iu-, labials have changed into labiodentals in most Chinese dialects, while before finals with -ia-, -iæ-, -ie-, -iI, the labials remain unchanged. This will support Prof. Y. R. Chao's hypothesis that labials before i + a central or back vowel change into labiodentals.