唐代岷山雪嶺地區交通圖考

A Study of Road Communications in the Min Shan and Hsüeh Ling Regions in T'ang Dynasty

嚴耕望(YEN KENG-WANG)

《中國文化研究所學報》 2卷1期 (1969/09) Pp. 1-42

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.196909_2(1).0003

並列摘要

The regions of Min Shan and Hsüeh Ling were not really under Chinese control until the Sui and T'ang dynasties. At that time, because Tibet was powerful, these regions (which border on Tibet) became strategically, important military-zones. The T'ang government devoted much effort to the improvement of communications in order to facilitate quartering of soldiers and transportation of supplies. But since the middle of the T'ang Dynasty, these areas were overrun by invading Tibetans; so the historical information has been sparse or misleading and the development of the communications system during the early Tang remained unknown for the next one thousand years. Now, after research in the basic historical texts and much careful checking, it can be concluded that a very elaborate communications network did exist throughout the T'ang Dynasty. A postal road (I-tao) was built, starting at Chengtu Fu, running northwest- wards through P'eng Chou (P'eng Hsien), Kuan K'ou Chên (Kuan Hsien), and then along the Min River and northwards, by Mou Chou (Mou Hsien), to Sung Chou (Sung P'an). It then went up the Min Shan range, through Fu Chou, Wen Chou (Wen Hsien), and Ta San Kuan, to Ch'ang An. This was one of the trunk lines in the southwest communications system of the T'ang Dynasty With Sung Chou and Mou Chou as junction centres, roads were also built from the two sides of the postal road (I-tao). Starting from Sung Chou, a road ran eastwards going round the north of Hsüeh Pao Ting and turned southeastwards running along the Fou River through Lung Chou (Ping Wu Hsien) to Li Chou (Kuang Yan). A road led northwards from Sung Chou, first passed through the Min Shan range to Fang Chou and Tieh Chou on the upper Pai Lung River, then up the Tieh Shan range to Tao Chou (seventy Chinese miles west of Lintan Hsien) in the Tao River Basin, and then it turned eastwards 'to Min Chou (Min Hsien). Another road went from Fu Chou northwards, through T'ang Chou, to Min Chou. A postal road was built from Min Chou eastwards through Wei Chou (Lung Hsi Hsien), Ch'in Chou (west of Tien Shui Hsien) to Ch'ang An. Another road led northwestwards from Sung Chou, along the upper Min River, through Kan Sung Ling to the upper Yellow River valley, and finally the Tibetan border. Starting from Mou Chou, a road ran eastwards along Shih Ch'uan River through Shih Ch'uan Hsien, Sung Ling Kuan to Mien Chou (Mien Yang). There were also two roads that ran from Mou Chou to Tibet, (see my article, ＂A Study on the Two Westward Road Communications from Mou Chou to Tibet in Tang Dynasty＂ in the same Journal, Vol. I).