張鎡《仕學規範．作文》述評：兼論詩法與文法之會通

Zhang Zi, the compiler of the Shixue guifan, kept company with Yang Wanli and Lu You in the poetic circle and emulated the works of Huang Tingjian and Chen Shidao. He was influenced and inspired by the Jiangxi School of poetry. The Shixue guifan is of forty juan 卷 of which four deals with the rules of prose composition (wenfa 文法). Shixue guifan was categorized in the zi 子 (philosophy) section of the Siku quanshu. The work collects a number of theoretical essays by authors about the rules of prose composition since the Northern Song dynasty and most of which advocated the shifa 詩法 (rules of poetic composition) of the Jiangxi School promoted by Huang Tingjian and Chen Shidao. The main contents of these four juan are the guidelines of prose composition, emphasizing on assignment of the topic and artistry of rhetoric, making criticism on master pieces and works of the maestri, discussing approaches to reading and enjoying, and commenting on connections between the quality of prose essays and personality of the writers. This work is a collection of past authors' essays rather than the author's own writings. However, by virtue of the material selections, its contents have embodied the reciprocal effects of ＂information origin＂ and ＂information end-result＂ about the theory of prose composition in the Shixue guifan. Reviewing these essays, readers can understand Northern Song dynasty's prose composition theories, the extent of their impact, the main focuses in the assignment of topics, the literary opinion of various schools, and the practice of appraisal based on the prose essay's wenqi 文氣 (literary vitality). The wide circulation of books gave rise to ideas and feedback and they in turn resulted in the convergence and reproduction of the rules of poetic and prose composition. This phenomenon is well revealed in the impact of the Jiangxi School of Poetry.

並列關鍵字

Shixue guifan ； prose composition ； activation method ； using shifa as wenfa ； literary vitality

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