從經史八股到政藝策論：清末癸卯、甲辰科會試論析

From the Eight-legged Essay to the Critical Discourse on Western Learning: An Investigation of the Metropolitan Examinations in 1903 and 1904

李林(Li Lin)

《中國文化研究所學報》 55期 (2012/07) Pp. 175-200

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.201207_(55).0007

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

進士 ； 癸卯 ； 甲辰科會試 ； 八股文 ； 策論 ； 西學 ； 再教育

並列摘要

With the commencement of the late Qing Reform in the early twentieth century, the government gradually realized and admitted that the jinshi 進士 who were selected through the traditional Chinese civil examination system were actually unqualified to handle the newly emerging political, economic, and diplomatic affairs in the country. As a result, the government introduced significant reforms to the civil examination system, which was eventually abolished in 1905. In the Metropolitan Examinations of 1903 and 1904, the writing style of critical discourse was resumed as a replacement of the traditional eight-legged essay. Meanwhile, Western learning, especially in political science and international affairs, was introduced into the examinations. However, the reforms were unsuccessful not only because of the lack of Western learning among the candidates and the examiners, but also because of the powerful influence of the traditional examination system. For the late Qing government, it was a dilemma in that the government had no other alternatives but continuing to appoint jinshi as officials, albeit their inability to deal with current affairs. As a new system for training and selecting officials was yet to be established, it became critically urgent for the Qing court to provide the newly admitted jinshi with additional training in modern legal, political, economic, and diplomatic matters.

並列關鍵字

jinshi ； Metropolitan Examinations of 1903 and 1904 ； eight-legged essay ； critical discourse ； Western learning ； re-education