國家控制下的NGO議題建構：以中國議題為例

NGO's Media Agenda Building under State Control: The Case of China

曾繁旭(ZENG Fanxu)

《傳播與社會學刊》 8期 (2009/04) Pp. 19-53

https://doi.org/10.30180/CS.200904_(8).0003

摘要

本文以消息來源的社會學（the sociology of sources）為基本的理論切入點，通過深描環保NGO（非政府組織）在中國所建構的兩個議題—「金光集團雲南毀林」議題和「圓明園鋪設防滲膜」議題—觀察在NGO與媒體仍然受到嚴格管制的制度背景下，NGO如何通過媒體策略設計，建構出一個有制度挑戰意味的議題，並且在議題過程中獲得媒體近用權（media access），掌握媒體框架（media frame），最終改變了議題的走向，實現了NGO對企業與政府的監督。本文不僅呈現了NGO的媒體策略，也呈現了中國媒體報導NGO議題的動力和邏輯，這一現象對於我們理解在一個「後總體性（post-totalism）」社會中，NGO、媒體和國家之間的關係變化有着重要的價值。

關鍵字

媒體策略 ； 議題建構 ； 非政府組織 ； 社會運動 ； 市民社會

並列摘要

This article examines two cases: APP's deforestation in Yunnan and the Yuanmingyuan plastic membrane project to describe the process of media agenda building by ENGOs in China. The study shows that an NGO may successfully build an institution-challenging media agenda, gain media access, and influence the media frame if it devises a set of flexible media strategies. This paper concludes that media is an important political resource for NGOs to gain legitimacy and to expand their autonomy in China. Through the case studies, the article examines the seeming paradox of state-challenging NGO issues appearing in Chinese media when it is still strictly controlled by the state. How are these media agendas built through the interaction between NGO and media? What are some of the implications of these interactions for civil society developing in China? In a broad sense, this article illustrates not only NGO strategy in building media agendas, but also the logic of Chinese media reporting on, or as part of, those agendas. These phenomena are very important for us to understand the change of the relation between the NGO (civil society), media, and political institutions in such a post-totalist society.

並列關鍵字

media strategies ； media agenda building ； NGO ； social movement ； civil society