試論人間佛教的超越性－以星雲大師的思想為例

A Discussion on 〞Transcendence〞 in Humanistic Buddhism and Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Thoughts

李萬進(Li Wanjin)

《《人間佛教叢書》2015星雲大師人間佛教理論實踐研究(上)》 2015 (2016/02) Pp. 510-541

摘要

從人類的歷史來看，世界性的各大宗教都有超越人生與現實的教義與教理，由此開啟了信眾追求彼岸世界的修行之意志。佛教作為古老的世界性的三大宗教之一，在超越性方面具有獨特的意義與價值。隨著二十世紀以來逐漸成為一個主流的人間佛教之潮流，在超越性方面也成為世人關注的焦點之一。星雲大師成功地開創佛光山的人間佛教之弘法模式後，也形成了具有自我特色的超越性之理論。星雲大師秉承佛陀創教之本懷，結合時代的特色，在建構人間佛教的超越性理論體系時，從世間法、出世間法的角度來分別予以詮釋，由此形成世間法層次的超越與出世間法層次的超越，而佛教所追求的涅槃之境，則是星雲大師所闡釋的人間佛教超越性的最高表現形式。

關鍵字

人間佛教 ； 超越性 ； 星雲大師 ； 世間法 ； 出世間法 ； 涅槃

並列摘要

From a historical standpoint of human civilization, all major world religions have doctrines and teachings that transcend life and reality, inspiring practices in pursuit of another world. As one of the three ancient world religions, Buddhism has unique meanings and values in terms of transcendence. Humanistic Buddhism, which has gradually become the mainstream since the twentieth century, has also become one of people's focus in terms of transcendence. After having successfully established Fo Guang Shan's model of propagating Humanistic Buddhism, Venerable Master Hsing Yun has also formed a theory of transcendence that has its own features. He not only carries forth the Buddha's original teachings in Early Buddhism, but also combines it with contemporary features. He explains his theory of transcendence in Humanistic Buddhism from a viewpoint of mundane and supramundane dharma respectively, from which the transcendence of both the mundane and the supramundane levels are formed. The state of nirvana, which Buddhism pursues, is the highest form of transcendence in Humanistic Buddhism that Venerable Master Hsing Yun expounds.

並列關鍵字

Humanistic Buddhism ； transcendence ； Venerable Master Hsing Yun ； mundane dharma ； supramundane dharma ； nirvana