星雲大師對般若智慧的現代詮釋－以其《般若經》著述為中心

Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Modern Interpretation on Prajna Wisdom: Focusing on His Publications on the Prajnaparamita Sutras

黃國清(Huang Kuo-ching)

《《人間佛教叢書》2015星雲大師人間佛教理論實踐研究(上)》 2015 (2016/02) Pp. 66-89

摘要

本文通過星雲大師對《心經》與《金剛經》的現代詮釋著作，探討般若智慧在人間佛教的重要意義。星雲大師倡導「人間佛教」，弘傳適應現代人需要的佛法，以通俗易解的方式講說法義，這種大眾能解、能行的教說非是淺層世俗善法，大師強調般若智慧為其根據，能與般若結合的修行始相應於真實「佛法」。星雲大師指導般若智慧的淺深差別內涵，可用「緣起性空」概括其意旨。凡夫的智慧，信解因果道理，了知世間有善有惡、有因有果；二乘的智慧，能觀照緣起法則，了知萬法皆因緣所成，較利根者可藉因緣的解析而領悟到空義；菩薩的空性智慧，不破有而見空，了悟空有不二的畢竟空義，以出世心行入世事業；最後，空性智慧的圓滿即是佛陀的「般若」。運用深入淺出的現代詮釋，引領行者由淺入深進入般若堂奧。星雲大師並將般若空義、佛性思想與禪宗心性思想進行融通，空性的體證是開顯佛性、清淨心的關鑰。大乘般若空慧是全然無執的精神境界，由「真空」以顯「妙有」，無量無邊的智慧作用使具足一切功德的佛智全體豁顯。星雲大師提點行者，人人本來圓具智慧潛能，透過人間的佛法實踐，發揮般若的覺照力量，獲致身心的自在安樂，不疲厭地在生死世間完成自覺利他的菩薩道修學功課。

關鍵字

星雲大師 ； 人間佛教 ； 般若 ； 空性 ； 佛性

並列摘要

This paper discusses the importance of prajna wisdom in Humanistic Buddhism through Venerable Master Hsing Yun's commentaries of the Heart Sutra and Diamond Sutra. Venerable Master Hsing Yun promotes Humanistic Buddhism, and propagates Buddhist teachings in a way that is suitable and easily understood by people today. The teachings by Venerable Master Hsing Yun on the depth of prajna wisdom can be summarized as dependent origination and emptiness. The wisdom of ordinary people is the belief in the law of cause and effect. The wisdom of the pratyekabuddhas and sravakas can observe the law of dependent origination and can understand the causes and conditions of all phenomena; those who are more advanced would comprehend the meaning of emptiness through the analysis of causes and conditions. The wisdom of emptiness of the bodhisattvas realizes the non-duality of emptiness and existence, using the supramundane mind to perform mundane tasks. Finally, the prajna wisdom of the Buddha is the perfection of the wisdom of emptiness. Easy-to-understand modern interpretations are used to guide the practitioners to enter, from shallow to deep, the profundity of prajna. Venerable Master Hsing Yun also has a comprehensive understanding in the emptiness of prajna, the concept of Buddha-nature, and the mind-nature of the Chan school. The experience of emptiness is the key to reveal the Buddha-nature and the pure mind. The prajna wisdom of Mahayana is the ultimate unattached spiritual realm, showing ＂marvelous existence＂ from ＂true emptiness.＂ The function of the boundless wisdom clearly reveals the Buddha wisdom that encompasses all merits. Venerable Master Hsing Yun reminds practitioners that everyone originally possesses wisdom. Through practicing the Dharma in the human world, one brings out the power of awareness in prajna, obtains peace and happiness in both body and mind, and tirelessly completes the practice of a Bodhisattva who benefits self and others in this cyclic mundane world.

並列關鍵字

Venerable Master Hsing Yun ； Humanistic Buddhism ； prajna ； emptiness ； Buddha Nature