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人間佛教的神聖性構成-以星雲大師的佛教思想為中心

Divinity in Humanistic Buddhism: The Foundations of Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Buddhist Thought

摘要


佛教吸收中華文化的人間性、尤其是在太虛大師的佛教革命之後,人間佛教在世界漢傳佛教的發展歷程中,毫無疑問地已經成為非常重要的發展模式。在人間佛教的建設與發展歷程中,星雲大師及其創建的佛光山是人間佛教理念與傳統的最好繼承及建設者。針對近年來對人間佛教的一些疑議,如:人間佛教重視世俗、人間佛教缺乏最高成佛境界、人間佛教沒有修行、頂多是個人的做人處世,這與學佛的超越、增上、成佛作祖等可能沒有關係;人間佛教是在家的,對於出家眾的叢林生活、沒有神聖性等觀念,本文從佛教社會學的理論視角,以星雲大師有關人間佛教的思想為主要內容,集中論述佛教與人間佛教的神聖性,及其在現代社會建構的問題,最後面對兩岸佛學界正在爭議的人間佛教核心問題,即人間佛教的神聖性何在、神聖性如何建構、佛教信仰如何體現等問題做探討。

並列摘要


Buddhism assimilated the characteristics of Chinese secular culture, particularly after the reformation of Buddhism initiated by Master Taixu. Humanistic Buddhism is, no doubt, a very important stage in the development of Chinese Buddhism, and is exemplified by Venerable Master Hsing Yun's thoughts and deeds, particularly in founding the Fo Guang Shan monastic order. In particular, it attaches importance to secularism, it lacks the notion of a state of highest Buddhahood, it lacks religious practice, and at best, it's only personal practice is to become a better person and handle mundane matters with greater ease. Humanistic Buddhism, thus, is concerned with matters that bear no relationship whatsoever - in the study of Buddhism - with transcendence, spiritual transcendence, and attaining Buddhahood. Humanistic Buddhism belongs to the laity. Even in monastic life there is still no notion of divinity. This paper examines the thoughts of Venerable Master Hsing Yun and Humanistic Buddhism from the perspective of the social sciences.

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