甲骨文辨偽兩則

Two Studies of the Authenticity of Oracle Bone Inscriptions

蔡哲茂(TSAI Che-mao)

《饒宗頤國學院院刊》 2期 (2015/05) Pp. 31-40

摘要

非科學挖掘出土之甲骨文，其真偽不明，需要經過辨偽驗證才能斷言真偽，故考辨甲骨真偽為甲骨研究之基石。部分甲骨偽刻者往往襲取真品刻辭，彷照刻在其它真品的無字甲骨上，形成文物真而刻辭偽的情形。考查《殷墟文字外編》435-451（契齋藏甲），其中雜有偽片，其中的《外》451此片沒有收到《甲骨文合集》，很可能是因為胡厚宣認為此片為偽刻。陳煒湛教授力辯其為真，今本文根據屯南甲骨同類字體論證契齋藏甲為真。此外筆者曾懷疑《北珍》1044抄自《簠雜》116（《合》18793），於本文再次提出進一步申論，以就教方家。

關鍵字

辨偽 ； 契齋 ； 《北京大學珍藏甲骨文字》 ； 《殷墟文字外編》

並列摘要

For any oracles bones not excavated using proper scientific procedures, the problem of authenticity must be examined closely and systematically. Determination of authenticity is thus the corner stone of oracle bone research. Some forged oracle bone inscriptions will copy from authentic inscriptions, then inscribe these on bones that originally lacked any inscription. This creates the challenging situation where the relic itself is authentic, even though the text is forged. There are some dubious items in the ＂Qi zhai cang jia＂ section of Yinxu wenzi waibian (#435-451). For instance #451 was not included in the Jiaguwen heji, probably because Hu Houxuan considered it a forgery. Professor Chen Weizhan argued forcefully, however, that it was authentic, and the current article reaffirms this conclusion, based on similar graphic forms in the Xiaotun nandi inscriptions. Moreover, this author once suspected that Beizhen #1044 was copied from Fuza #116 (Jiaguwen heji #18793). In this article, the author puts forth an additional argument with regard to this inscription, in the hope of encouraging further discussion among experts.

並列關鍵字

Authenticity ； ＂Qi zhai＂ ； Beijing Daxue zhencang jiagu wenzi ； Yinxu wenzi waibian