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據古文字論「氏」、「視」等字的上古聲母

On the Old Chinese Initials of Characters Shi 氏, Shi 視 and others according to Ancient Chinese Scripts

摘要


「氏」和「視」為中古禪母字,根據禪母的上古來源,其上古聲母既可能是舌根塞音ɡ-,又可能是舌尖塞音d-。李方桂、鄭張尚芳等根據一些諧聲材料,將「氏」和「視」的上古聲母構擬為舌根塞音。但從古文字材料中更為豐富且時代明確的諧聲假借以及同源字的情況來看,「氏」和「視」的上古聲母應為舌尖塞音。

關鍵字

古文字 上古聲母

並列摘要


The Middle Chinese initials of shi 氏and shi 視 are Chan 禪, and this means the initials in Old Chinese may have either been a velar *ɡ- or a dental *d-. Li Fang-kuei and Zheng-Zhang Shangfang reconstructed them as a velar initial based on some phonetic series. However, judging from more abundant phonetic series, loans, and paronyms in ancient scripts with secure dates, their Old Chinese initials should be a dental *d-.

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