北宋太廟時享爭議中的禮學理念

Controversy over the Ritual Intent in the Seasonal Sacrifices of Song Imperial Temple

張曉宇(CHEUNG Hiu Yu)

《饒宗頤國學院院刊》 8期 (2021/09) Pp. 217-250

摘要

中國皇家禮儀史研究中，皇家太廟以及太廟祭祀一直是核心問題。太廟祭祀中時享和祭品的演變更為傳統禮官特別注意。針對唐至北宋太廟祭品的演變，時賢如吳麗娛、朱溢等已有精彩分梳。本文在時賢研究的基礎上，力求深入解讀北宋太廟時享討論背後的禮學理念，特別集中於北宋前期、慶曆以及神宗時期禮官的相關討論。此外，通過利用上海圖書館藏南宋紹興贛州刻本陳襄《古靈集》中的一些材料，本文集中分析神宗元豐時期禮儀主導機構詳定禮文所禮官的相關意見，以期呈現中國古代禮儀討論的複雜之處，從而為反思宋代禮學及其思想背景提供一個新視角。

關鍵字

北宋太廟 ； 時享 ； 陳襄《古靈集》 ； 薦新 ； 元豐郊廟禮文改革

並列摘要

Central to the research of Chinese imperial rituals is the study of the Imperial Temple and Temple sacrifices. Among various Temple sacrifices, the evolution of seasonal sacrifices and sacrificial offerings had received adequate attention from ritual officials in imperial China. Historians have analyzed the transition of sacrificial offerings from the Tang dynasty (618-907) to the Northern Song dynasty (960-1127) in details. With a focus on several critical eras of Northern Song, this article aims to reveal how Northern Song ritual officials and their discussions about seasonal sacrifices in the Imperial Temple re-conceptualized the very nature of imperial rituals. Additionally, through a detailed analysis of the opinions of ritual officials who served in Emperor Shenzong's (r. 1067-1085) ritual bureaus and based on a newly discovered collected work of one of these officials, this article offers a more comprehensive picture of Song ritualism. Thus, it contributes to a new perspective to rethink Song imperial rituals and traditional ritual learning in relation to these rituals.

並列關鍵字

Imperial Temple of Northern Song ； seasonal sacrifices ； Guling ji by Chen Xiang (1017-1080) ； offering of fresh foods ； Yuanfeng reforms on the suburban altar and Temple rituals