植群生態多變數分析法之研究IV.　植群分類法及相關環境因子之分析

Studies on the Multivariate Analysis in Vegetation Ecology IV. Vegetation Classification and Related Environmental Interpretation

蘇鴻傑(Horng-Jye Su)

《臺灣省立博物館年刊》 39卷 (1996/12) Pp. 249-268

https://doi.org/10.6548/ATMB.199612_39.0009

摘要

植物社會之變異性質與分類原理，有異於統計學上之一般多變數分類法。本文先就此作理論性之探討，並說明在連續變化之植群梯度上，歐洲大陸學派之分化種觀念有助於植群型之劃分。文中對於近代之植群數示分類法，分別作原理探討，並以歐陸學派之列表比較法爲基準，予以評估。另以應用最廣之雙向指標種分析及群團分析，選用臺灣中部大甲溪沿岸之植群資料加以測試，經與直接梯度分析及降趨對應分析之結果比較，討論其分類與植群分化效果之差異。植群經分型後，本文對植群型間環境因子之差異，係採用層級式的簡單判別分析，推測不同分類階級所分兩型之主要判別環境因子，復以所有型問之環境因子作鄧肯式多變域比較，以闡述各林型之生育地特性。由於應用分化種之觀念，雙向指標種分析較能區別生育地之環境與演替潛力，亦便於製成列表比較法之分化表。

關鍵字

植群分類 ； 雙向指標種分析 ； 群團分析 ； 簡單判別分析 ； 環境解說 ； 大甲溪 ； 植群型

並列摘要

Variation and classification of plant communities are somewhat different from the principles of general multivariate taxonomy. The foundation of vegetation classification is discussed, with special reference to the method of Continental School in which the concept of differential species have been used to define the vegetation types. Recent numerical methods in vegetation classification are evaluated on the basis of tabular comparison technique of Continental School. A data set from Tachiashi Vallley of central Taiwan was classified by two of the most popular methods-cluster analysis (CA) and two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN). The results are compared with those obtained from direct gradient analysis and detrended correspondence analysis, and evaluations are made with respect to their effects of classification and vegetation differentiation. The differences of environmental factors between the hierarchical yegetation groups are analyzed by simple discriminant analysis to interpret the major discriminant factors. In order to elucidate the habitat characteristics of major vegctation types, the mean values of environmental factors among the types are compared by Duncan's multiple range test. Due to the recognization of differential species as indicator for group division, the TWINSPAN method has better ability to interpet the environment and succes sion potential, and the ranked specics and sample orders can be easily compiled to form the differential table of continental school.

並列關鍵字

Vegetation classification ； two-way indicator species analysis ； cluster an alysis ； simple discriminant analysis ； environmental interpretation ； Tac hiashi Valley, vegelation types.