臺灣桫欏科植物之生物系統分類研究

BIOSYSTEMATICAL STUDIES ON THE CYATHEACEAE OF TAIWAN

王先志(H. C. Wang) ； 劉棠瑞(T. S. Liu) ； 劉華祥(F. S. Liew)

《臺灣省立博物館科學年刊》 19卷 (1976/12) Pp. 45-104

https://doi.org/10.6548/ATMA.197612_19.0002

摘要

本論文根據第一作者之碩士論文（台大森林硏究所）而成，係以一般及最新分類方法研究臺灣桫欏科植物（二屬七種）及類緣相近的蚌殼蕨科植物（二種中之一種）之分類。硏究的範圍，包括植物各部分的形態特徵、解剖、化學成分、染色體及配子體等。從解剖特徵看，金狗毛蕨（蚌殼蕨科）和桫欏科植物的關係密切，不易區别。但是，鱗片鱗毛、氣孔、化學成分等特徵，二者則有顯著的不同。氣孔及表皮細胞就可以分出金狗毛蕨和其他的桫欏科植物，但是此特徵不適用於更低層次的分類。根據孢子的形態，不能辨別桫欏科的兩屬。解剖特徵也證明桫欏科内兩屬關係之密切。其實，除了在鱗片及鱗毛的特徵上，這兩屬有顯著的差異外，其他特徵兩屬的差别不大。外形的特徵，只能分出以體形為決定因素的植物羣。化學成份大致與體形，生育地等因素相關。本論文用數示分類法，表示這羣植物彼此間之關係，並從多種角變，討論各家的分類系統。

並列摘要

The classification and systematics of seven species of Formosan Cyatheaceae and one species of Dicksoniaceae are studied and discussed in lights of various characteristics obtained with both traditional and modern taxonomic methods. Data from the anatomy of stems and petioles reveal the close relationship between the two genera of Cyatheaceae and the Cibotium (Dicksoniaceae), and strongly support the suggestion of Holttum and Sen (1961) that dicksonioid ferns should be included in the Cyatheaceae. But information from dermal appendages, stomatal types and chemistry indicate the exsistence of basic differences between these two groups of plants. In stomatal type, Cibotium can easily be distinguished from the Cyatheaceac, but members within the Cyatheaceae have fairly similar stomata. Sphaeropteris and Also phila cannot be differentiated from spore morphology. In fact, these two genera are indistinguishable in most characters except scales and hairs. Numerical taxonomic techniques (cluster analysis by single-, average- and complete-linkages) are used to evaluate the phenctic and phylogenetic relationships of these tree ferns.