多元主題決策實驗室分析法探究女性創業動機因子

Investigation of Motivation factor for Female Entrepreneurship: using multi-theme DEMATEL

王瑞(Ray Wang)

《工程、技術與科技教育學術研討會》 第七屆 (2018/05) Pp. 175-188

https://doi.org/10.6571/SCETE.201805.0016

摘要

國內外諸多研究顯示女性的人力資本(Human Capital)並未被妥善運用，此問題普遍存在已開發國家與開發中的國家；導致女性創業者對國家之整體生產毛額所產生的貢獻，並未被正視或有效分析，致使女性相關之創業知識遭到漠視，更遑論重視與運用。本研究透過文獻探討歸納女性創業者之創業動機因子，並進一步利用多元主題決策實驗室分析法，深究各因子相互間之影響關係，與對女性創業動機之作用程度，提供有意創業之女性與政策制訂者參考。為達到此研究目的，本研究採立意取樣，施測對象係邀請2015-2017年50位鳳凰創業申請人，依其受訪意願發出45份問卷，進行現場問卷發放與資料蒐集；合計有效回收樣本數為30份，有效回收率為66.67%。研究結果顯示「機會經濟層面」之因子，相較於「社會需要層面」與「個體心理層面」之因子，更能直接影響女性創業動機。其中，「熟悉且能夠有效管理公司」是決定女性創業過程中，所有評估因子中最為重要者，而「別無選擇只能自己創業」則是在所有評估因子中，最能直接影響其他因子者；本研究顯示女性受到良好教育，具備與男性創業者同樣之創業能力時，在機會許可情況下並不排斥創業；尤其是熟悉該產業並具有管理能力時，最能提升女性創業動機；此結論尤其對家族事業女性接班人計劃具有良好啟示。

關鍵字

多元主題決策實驗室分析法 ； 創業 ； 動機因子

並列摘要

Several researches suggested the lack of use of female human capital not only in developing countries but also develop countries. The contributions of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) by female entrepreneurs were neglected and seldom been analyzed, which caused these related achievement or reflections to be abandoned and are less likely to be taught. This study discovered motivation factors of female entrepreneurs via literature review, investigating interactions between each factors, and the level that affected their motivation. The 2015-2017 female entrepreneur program applicants were invited as the study population. The purposive sampling was used in a total of 50 candidates. 45 were willing to receive the questionnaire, 30 completed and the rate was 66.67%. The results showed＂ economic opportunity＂ had greater impact on business motivation than social needs or individual mental factors. Among the＂ economic opportunity＂, the factor of ＂be acquainted with and be able to effectively manage the company＂ was the most critical during the process of being an entrepreneur. The factor that was most likely to influence other is ＂Having no other options so decided to establish the business＂. This study revealed that women are willing to establish their business if they are well-educated and have the same ability as male entrepreneurs. The motivation could be multiplied when she is acquainted with and is able to manage the company. The conclusion shows a positive evidence for the female entrepreneurs in family owned business.

並列關鍵字

multi-theme Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory ； Entrepreneurship ； Motivation factor