歐盟共同漁業政策之發展與現況

漁業亦屬於歐盟運作條約第38條第1項規定共同農業政策的適用範圍，隨著1973年英國、丹麥與愛爾蘭、1986年西班牙與葡萄牙加入歐盟後，共同漁業政策愈來愈重要，而逐漸發展成一套包羅萬象的法規，以管理及監督全歐盟的營利捕魚活動，尤其是管理歐盟的漁船與維護魚群生存，最主要為管理共同資源，使所有的歐洲漁船平等的進入歐盟水域及漁場、以及允許漁民可以公平競爭。永續發展是全球追求的共同目標，因而永續漁業也成為現階段歐盟共同漁業政策的重要目標，非法捕撈規章永續漁業政策的重要法規。本文希冀深入研究歐盟的共同漁業政策之發展演進、改革共同漁業政策之背景與必要性、如何推動永續的漁業政策、永續的漁業管理制度，以明瞭歐盟共同漁業政策法律架構之意涵與現況，以作為未來我國漁業發展與相關政策推動海洋發展之參考借鑑。

關鍵字

歐盟；共同漁業政策；共同市場規範；永續漁業；非法捕撈；黃牌；專屬經濟區；相對穩定原則；從魚網到餐盤

並列摘要

Fishery falls within the scope of common agricultural policy of the Article 38 Section I of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). With the accession of the UK, Denmark and Ireland in 1973, Spain and Portugal in 1986 into the EU, the common fisheries policy has become more and more important. It has developed comprehensive regulations for managing and controlling the commercial fishing activities in the EU. The main goal is to manage the common resources, enable all fishers equally to access the EU's waters and allow fishers fairly to compete with each other. Sustainable development is a global common target. Hence, the sustainable fishery has currently become the most important goal of the EU's common fisheries policy. The IUU Regulation is one of the important rules of the sustainable fisheries policy. This article works on the development of the EU's common fisheries policy, the background and necessity of its reform, the promotion of the sustainable fisheries policy and the sustainable management. This article aims to clarify the significance and status quo of the EU's framework of the common fisheries policy.

並列關鍵字

EU ； Common Fisheries Policy ； Common Market Organization ； Sustainable Fishery ； Illegal Fishing ； Yellow Card ； Exclusive Economic Zone ； Principle of Relative Stability ； from Net to Plate