摘要
一、美國防部頒佈「國防戰略綱領」，述明維持美國全球領導地位的新戰略與指導，更重申美國安全戰略重心已轉向亞太；意涵為：從反恐戰爭中脫身、對全球駐軍進行部署重整、紓解軍費壓力與肆應中共在地區的挑戰。二、冷戰期美國對蘇聯進行「島鏈」封鎖，現今萌發「太平洋島鏈」的架構，新圍堵概念直指中共外，更計畫在島鏈上建構多元基地與軍力。三、駐亞太美軍的部署重整，為全球而非孤立的地區戰略，原有「同時打贏兩場戰爭」的戰爭原則，轉為「打贏一場大規模常規戰」，意指海空兵力將承擔更多、更重任務。四、捨棄設立永久基地、運用友國場所與設施、透由聯合部署與致力地區雙多邊軍演，為新軍事戰略的原則。其核心價值為：縮減兵員、提升裝備質量與轉移作戰目標。五、爭奪亞太主導權勢將激化美中對立，近起南海領土紛爭為美國調整亞太戰略提供絕佳契機；美亞太戰略的終極目的：足能與及時的遏制中共、北韓與伊朗在地區所引發的安全挑戰。
並列摘要
1. U.S DoD had published ＂National Defense Strategy Guideline ＂ which described a new strategy and guideline of American leadership in the world, It emphasized that the national strategic gravity of U.S. already shifted to Asia Pacific, means : American troops keep away from anti-terrorism war, redeployment of global presence, releasing the pressure of military budges and responding regional challenge from PRC. 2. During the Cold War, United States proceeded ＂Island Chain＂ strategy to blockade Russia , recently U.S.A had developed the structure of ＂Pacific Island Chain＂ which is focusing on China. Additionally, the U.S plans to construct multiple bases and deploying more military presences in those islands. 3. The redeployment of American military presence in Asia Pacific is a sort of global concept rather than a solitary regional strategy, it will transfer the original warfare principle of ＂won 2 battles simultaneously＂ to ＂won a regularity warfare with wide scale＂, means Navy & Air Force will take more and heavily military missions than before. 4. To abandon the idea of establishing permanent bases in stead of using the way of friendly neighbor country's bases & facilities, participating unify overseas garrison through U.N and devoted in regional bilateral & multilateral military exercises, these efforts will be the principle of new military strategies. The core value are ＂reducing military personnel, promoting the quality of equipments and shifting the operation objects＂. 5. Grabbing the leadership of Asia Pacific will energize the opposing status between USA and China, Recently happened territorial dispute of South Sea, given USA a best opportunity to balance the strategy of Asia Pacific which is purposed to achieve the goal of : enable & in proper time to inhibit PRC, North Korea or Iran had conducted the security challenge in region.
延伸閱讀
- 歐陽萍（2016）。中國新安全觀戰略視角之分析：論平行架構戰略對亞太安全的影響〔碩士論文，國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614071753
- 莫大華（2005）。美國全球軍力部署調整計畫與亞太地區安全的發展。遠景基金會季刊，6(4)，31-99。https://doi.org/10.7063/PQ.200510.0031
- 許慧儀（2018）。從中美關係觀察亞太區域戰略安全。新社會政策，(59)，43-47。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20150427001-201810-201811080013-201811080013-43-47
- 湯成、蔡宗祐（2016）。美國全球公域介入與聯合機動概念之亞太地區實踐及國軍角色。國防雜誌，31(4)，1-18。https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2016.31(4).1
- 陳偉寬（2013）。從亞太新秩序論美「空海一體戰」軍事戰略與共軍因應之考量。海軍學術雙月刊，47(1)，18-36。https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201302_47(1).0002