中共「北斗」導航衛星發展與戰略意涵探討

BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Leads China to Rapid Development

盧文豪

《海軍學術雙月刊》 49卷2期 (2015/04) Pp. 86-103

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201504_49(2).0007

摘要

一、《2011年中國的航太》白皮書揭開中國大陸未來導航定位衛星計畫，按照從試驗系統，到區域系統，再到全球系統的「三步走」發展，繼續構建「北斗」衛星導航系統。二、2012年10月25日第16顆「北斗」導航衛星成功送入預定轉移軌道後，中國大陸已建成「北斗」衛星導航區域系統，按照進度中國大陸將在10年內成為第3個擁有全球衛星導航系統的國家。三、如同美國的GPS系統，「北斗」衛星導航系統在發展具有全球導航能力後，將同樣採取軍民兩用模式，並以軍事用途優先。四、中國大陸「北斗」衛星導航系統的自主發展，清楚地向世界傳達欲擺脫美國在衛星導航獨霸的地位，但事實上「北斗」系統未來在各領域廣泛的運用，所帶給中國大陸在政治、經濟、軍事與心理四個層面具有更深層的戰略意涵。五、國軍應該思考面對「北斗」衛星發展的因應作為，運用電子干擾手段以遮蔽「北斗」系統的「眼與耳」與強化現有的飛彈防禦系統。當我們持續關注共軍現代化武器裝備發展的同時，針對威脅以評估未來建軍備戰所需，方為克敵致勝的不二法門。

關鍵字

全球導航衛星 ； 北斗衛星 ； 反介入

並列摘要

1. The White Paper on ＂2011 Chinese Space Program＂ unfolded China's future program of Navigation Satellite System which processes ＂three steps development＂ from trial system, then regional system, to global system. 2. China has built the regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite system after the 16th BeiDou Navigation Satellite was sent to the expected orbit. China will be the third state which owns global navigation system according to its space programs. 3. Similar as U.S. Global Positioning System, BeiDou Navigation Satellite system will adopt dual-purpose system for military and civilian which prioritize on military after successfully developing global navigation capability. 4. China's self-dependence BeiDou Navigation Satellite system passes a clear message to the world, which it intends to eliminate U.S. domination on navigation system. As a matter of fact, BeiDou Navigation Satellite system will be used widely on variety of fields and bring China deeper strategic implications on aspects of politics, economy, military, and psychology. 5. Our military should think over the counter-measures facing the development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite system by conducting electronic interference so as to blind its ＂eyes and ears＂ and strengthening our current missile defense systems. We have to carry out the explicit evaluation on the enemy's threats for the needs of our future armed forces. By doing so, we will certainly move forward to defeat the enemy.

並列關鍵字

Global Navigation System ； BeiDou Navigation Satellite ； Anti-Access