小白紋毒蛾（Orgyia posticus）（鱗翅目：毒蛾科）之形態及溫度對其發育之影響

Morphology of Orgyia posticus (Lepidoptera: Lymantridae) and the Effects of Temperatures on Its Development

鄭秋玲(Chiou-Ling Cheng) ； 楊淑閔(Shwn-Miin Yang) ； 鄭明發(Ming-Fa Cheng)

《台灣昆蟲》 21卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. ii+17-27

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2001002

摘要

小白紋毒蛾（Orgyia posticus（Walker））是毒蛾科中為害農作物較嚴重的害蟲種類之一。實驗在10、15、20、25、30、35℃，光週期12L：12D之恆溫生長箱內進行，以荷花葉片飼養該蟲。在25℃下卵期為5日；在10－35℃下，幼蟲期分別為64.1、40.0、26.2、16.2、16.2與21.1日，蛹期分別為19.6、16.0、8.2、6.9與6.0日。在10～30℃之五個溫度，成蟲壽命分別為7.1、6.3、7.1、4.8與3.7日；每隻雌蛾一生之產卵量為300－510粒。幼蟲有冬、夏兩型；10及15℃下飼養的幼蟲，呈現冬型；20℃以上溫度飼育者，呈現夏型。一至五齡幼蟲之發育臨界低溫分別為5.9、4.5、1.5、5.1與2.8℃，有效積溫分別為77.39、67.03、85.97、70.41與97.03日度。幼蟲期之發育臨界低溫為3.7℃，總體有效積溫為411.2日度。雌、雄蛹之發育臨界低溫分別為3.3與2.2℃，有效積溫則分別為雌蛹120.32與雄蛹197.19日度。文中對此蛾各蟲期形態特徵有詳細之描述與圖示。

關鍵字

小白紋毒蛾 ； 形態 ； 生活史 ； 發育臨界低溫 ； 有效積溫

並列摘要

Orgyia posticus (Walker) is one of the important insect pests of Lymantridae in Taiwan. The development of O. posticus was investigated at various temperatures in a 12L : 12D photoperiod with the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera. The egg stage required 5 days at 25°C. Under 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C, the larval development took 64.1, 40.0, 26.2, 16.2, 16.2, and 21.1 days, respectively. While pupal development took 19.6, 16.0, 8.2, 6.9, and 6.0 days, respectively. The longevity of adults was 7.1, 6.3, 7.1, 4.8, and 3.7 days from 10 to 30°C. The number of eggs laid by a female was 300-501. O. posticus needed 33 days to complete a life cycle at 25°C. On average, the egg, larva, pupa, and adult took 5, 16.2, 6.9, and 4.8 days to complete its stage, respectively. Larvae have color dimorphism: the winter form showed from 10 to 15°C, and the summer form showed from 20 to 35°C. The temperatures of the development threshold for 1^(st)-, 2^(nd)-, 3^(rd)-, 4^(th)-, and 5^(th) -instar larvae were estimated to be 5.9, 4.5, 1.5, 5.1, and 2 °C, respectively. The sums of the effective accumulated temperature for 1^(st)-, 2^(nd)-, 3^(rd)-, 4^(th)- and 5^(th)-instar larvae were 77.39, 67.03, 85.97, 70.41, and 97.03 degree-days (DD), respectively. The threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for larvae were 3.7°C and 411.2 degree-days. The threshold temperature of female and male pupae were 3.3 and 2.2°C, and effective accumulated temperatures were 120.32 and 197.19 degree-days, respectively. External morphology in each stage of this moth are also described and illustrated in the paper.

並列關鍵字

Orgyia posticus ； morphology ； life cycle ； temperature of development threshold ； effective accumulated temperature