黃斑粗喙椿象（Eocanthecona furcellata（Wolff）（Hemiptera：Pentatomidae））對數種食餌捕食量測定

Predatory Capacity of the Predatory Stink Bug, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Various Prey

章加寶(Chia-Pao Chang) ； 謝豐國(Feng-Kuo Hsieh)

《台灣昆蟲》 21卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. vi+257-267

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2001021

摘要

黃斑粗喙椿象（Eocanthecona furcellata（Wolff））普遍發生於臺灣之園特產作物，對鱗翅類幼蟲之捕食能力強，尤其對蔬菜主要害蟲紋白蝶及斜紋夜盜等捕食效果甚佳。本試驗以紋白蝶（Pieris rapae）、斜紋夜盜（Spodoptera litura）、家蠶（Bombyx mori）及大頭金蠅（Chrysomya megacephala）等幼蟲為食餌，測定其捕食量。在不同溫度下以不同齡期紋白蝶幼蟲為食餌，結果以在30℃及25℃捕食量最大，雌成蟲在25℃時，每日捕食量可達4.5隻。對不同密度紋白蝶幼蟲之捕食量，則隨密度增加而增大，捕食率則降低。以紋白蝶、斜紋夜盜、家蠶及大頭金蠅等幼蟲飼育，結果以斜紋夜盜幼蟲飼育者，其若蟲期最短為21.4天，以紋白蝶幼蟲飼育者產卵最多達5.4個卵塊。體型以紋白蝶、斜紋夜盜幼蟲飼育者最大，體重亦以此兩者飼育者最重。捕食偏好性測定結果，以紋白蝶幼蟲最佳、斜紋夜盜幼蟲次之。該種天敵對紋白蝶幼蟲之機能反應測定，發現捕食量隨捕食者齡期增長而增加。估算捕食量及捕食效應資料，可供田間釋放天敵依據。

關鍵字

黃斑粗喙椿象 ； 捕食量 ； 食餌

並列摘要

The predatory stink bug, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a predatory insect that can be commonly found on horticultural plants preying on various Lepidopterous insect pests in Taiwan. In growth chambers with constant temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C, predators were fed the larvae of Pieris rapae. The feeding amount was highest at temperatures ranging from 25 to 30°C. A female adult at 25 °C could consume 4.5 larvae of P. rapae per day. The number of larvae consumed by a predator increased with an increase in prey density. When predators were fed separately with larvae of P. rapae, Spodoptera litura, Bombyx mori, and Chrysomya megacephala, the developmental period was the shortest( 21.4 days) in groups feeding on the larvae of S. litura, and the number of eggs laid was the highest (5.4 egg masses) on the larvae of P. rapae. The body size and body weight of adults were significantly greater in those feeding on P. rapae and S. litura. The predator preferred to feed on larvae of P. rapae rather than on those of S. litura, B. mori ,and C. megacephala. The predatory response of the stink bug measured according to Holling's disc equation reveals that the rate of discovery decreased with an increase in predator age, but the handling time increased with increasing predatory rate.

並列關鍵字

Eocanthecona furcellata ； predatory capacity ； prey