非洲菊斑潛蠅兩種寄生蜂（膜翅目：釉小蜂科）之種內競爭

Intraspecific Competition of Two Species of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae)

錢景秦(Ching-Chin Chien) ； 古琇芷(Shiu-Chih Ku)

《台灣昆蟲》 22卷3期 (2002/09) Pp. viii+279-290

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2002024

摘要

異角釉小蜂（Hemiptarsenus varicornis （Girault））與華釉小蜂（Neochrysocharis formosa （Westwood））為臺灣地區非洲菊上非洲菊斑潛蠅（Liriomyza trifolii （Burgess））之重要本地種寄生蜂。雌蜂致死寄主方式有寄生與取食寄主兩種，而此二者之比例與雌蜂密度無關，如異角釉小蜂為0.6～0.8：1；華釉小蜂為1.9～2.7：1。雌蜂密度對寄生蜂之過寄生率與對寄主之總利用率均有顯著影響。寄生蜂與寄主之適當繁殖比例，異角釉小蜂為1：20，華釉小蜂為1：15。亦即在25℃下、25 × 20 cm壓克力筒內、寄主第三齡幼蟲數為300隻時，各接入異角釉小蜂與華釉小蜂15與20隻雌蜂，經24小時後，兩種寄生蜂對寄主之總利用率各高達90.7與98.6％，過寄生率各為6.4與11.1％；11.1與14.4天後各有109與205隻子蜂羽化。

關鍵字

非洲菊斑潛蠅 ； 異角釉小蜂 ； 華釉小蜂 ； 種內競爭 ； 雌蜂密度

並列摘要

Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) and Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) are the two dominant indigenous parasitoids of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on Gerbera jamesonii Bolues ex Hook. f. in Taiwan. The modes of host killing by female wasp are parasitism and host-feeding. The ratio of oviposition to host-feeding regardless of female wasp density ranged 0.6-0.8:1 and 1.9-2.7:1 for H. varicornis and N. formosa, respectively. However, its density significantly affected superparasitism and the total host utilization rate. The optimal wasp:host ratios for propagation of H. varicornis and N. formosa were 1:20 and 1:15, respectively. When 15 female wasps of H. varicornis or 20 female wasps of N. formosa were provided with 300 third-instar larvae of L. trifolii in an acrylic cylinder (25 x 20 cm) at 25°C, the total host utilization rates and superparasitism rates after 24 hours were 90.7% and 6.4%, and 98.6% and 11.1%, respectively. There were 109 and 205 adult progeny which emerged after 11.1 and 14.4 days, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Liriomyza trifolii ； Hemiptarsenus varicornis ； Neochrysocharis formosa ； intraspecific competition ； female wasp density