溫度、溼度、巢材對黑翅土白蟻與黃肢散白蟻呼吸速率之影響

Effects of Temperature, Humidity, and Nest Material on Respiratory Rates of Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki and Reticulitermes flaviceps Oshima

林大淵(Da-Yuan Lin) ； 吳文哲(Wen-Jer Wu)

《台灣昆蟲》 22卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. vii+391-400

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2002032

摘要

白蟻所排放的微量氣體會影響到大氣的微量氣體組成，因此在透過呼吸速率估算白蟻氣體排放量時，須注意不同的環境因子對白蟻呼吸速率的影響。本研究探討不同的溫度、溼度、巢材處理等因子，對於黃肢散白蟻（Reticulitermes flaviceps Oshima）及黑翅土白蟻（Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki）呼吸速率的影響。試驗結果顯示2種白蟻的呼吸速率皆隨溫度升高而提高，黑翅土白蟻的呼吸速率在各溫度下皆高於黃肢散白蟻。2種白蟻也會受到低溼度的影響而使呼吸速率降低，於高溼度環境下，黑翅土白蟻的呼吸速率較黃肢散白蟻高；但在低溼度的環境下，兩者的呼吸速率沒有差異。而在巢材的影響上，完整的巢材可提高此2種白蟻的呼吸速率，但隔離巢材及消毒巢材會使黑翅土白蟻的呼吸速率降低，顯示其與巢材上的微生物可能有密切的關係；而黃肢散白蟻對於巢材處理的反應並無明顯差異，顯示影響其呼吸速率的因子可能為巢材本身。

關鍵字

白蟻 ； 呼吸速率 ； 溫度 ； 溼度 ； 巢材

並列摘要

Trace gases released by termites affect the constitution of trace gases in the atmosphere. Thus we should determine the effects of environmental factors on the respiratory rates of termites when presuming the gas production of termites via their respiratory rate. Effects of temperature, humidity, and nest materials on the respiratory rate of the termites Reticulitermes flaviceps Oshima and Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki were studied. The respiratory rate of O. formosanus was significantly higher than that of R. flaviceps under four constant temperatures. The respiratory rate was also influenced by humidity. In high humidity, the respiratory rate of O. formosanus was higher than that of R. flaviceps, but they did not significantly differ in low humidity. When termites were incubated with their intact nest materials in the incubation vessel, the respiratory rates of these two species rose significantly. However, screened or sterilized nest materials had negative effects on the respiratory rates of O. formosanus, indicating a relationship between termites and microbes in nest materials. Treatments of nest materials had no significant effects on R. flaviceps. Maybe the nest materials themselves can affect the respiratory rate of R. flaviceps.

並列關鍵字

termites ； respiratory rate ； temperature ； humidity ； nest material