2002年台灣登革熱流行區埃及斑蚊的抗藥性

Insecticide Resistance in Aedes aegypti during Dengue Epidemics in Taiwan, 2002

林鶯熹(Ying-Hsi Lin) ； 吳淑靜(Shu-Ching Wu) ； 徐爾烈(Err-Lieh Hsu) ； 鄧華真(Hwa-Jen Teng) ； 何兆美(Chau-Mei Ho) ； 白秀華(Hsiu-Hua Pai)

《台灣昆蟲》 23卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. ii+263-274

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2003025

摘要

台灣地區之台南和高雄為經常因發生登革熱病例而施藥的地區，埃及斑蚊（Aedes aegypti）成蟲以七種WHO藥膜測試的半數擊昏時間（KT_(50)）和24小時死亡率。安丹和撲滅松對蚊蟲的作用為遲效性。1%撲滅松藥膜於各品系的24小時死亡率都在80%以上。0.15%賽飛寧藥膜只有高雄巿前鎮區和苓雅區（2002）品系的24小時死亡率未達100%。高雄巿前鎮區和苓雅區（2002）品系對第滅寧具抗藥性。0.50%依芬寧藥膜對高雄巿前鎮區、苓雅篩藥（1990R）、苓雅區（2002）和新興區，高雄縣林園鄉和鳳山巿品系的24小時死亡率未達70%。高雄巿前鎮區、苓雅區（2002）、新興區、三民區和左營區，高雄縣林園鄉、岡山鎮和鳳山巿，台南縣歸仁鄉、新巿鄉，和台南巿南區、西區和中區品系對百滅寧已產生抗藥性。而0.05%賽洛寧藥則於高雄巿三民區、左營區和高雄縣岡山鎮品系的24小時死亡率未達70%。高雄市前鎮區、苓雅區（2002）和持續以百滅寧篩選的苓雅篩藥（1990R）品系埃及斑蚊與感性品系的抗性比，成蟲皆大於312.5，於幼蟲則分為20.8、37.5和102.1，故野外品系的蚊蟲抗藥性仍有上升之空間。本研究推測埃及斑蚊對百滅寧的抗藥性為2002年南台灣登革熱疫情難以控制的原因之一。協力劑測試則顯示埃及斑蚊幼蟲對百滅寧的抗性與氧化酶和酯酶相關性較高。

關鍵字

埃及斑蚊 ； 殺蟲劑 ； 抗藥性

並列摘要

Pest control operators have routinely applied the insecticides for mosquito control when dengue fever cases occurred in the Tainan and Kaohsiung areas of Taiwan. We used 7 kinds of WHO insecticide-impregnated papers to determine the insecticide susceptibility of adult Aedes aegypti in 2002. There was poor efficiency to the all strains of Aedes aegypti with 0.1% propoxur paper. The 24-h percentage mortality with 1% fenitrothion paper was above 80%. The 24-h percentage mortalities of the Chianjen and Lingya (2002) strains with 0.15% cyfluthrin paper did not reach 100%. The Chianjen, Lingya (2002), and Shinshing strains showed resistance to deltamethrin. The 24-h percentage mortalities of Chianjen, Lingya (1990R), Lingya (2002), Shinshing, Linyuan and Fengshan strains with 0.5% etofenprox paper did not reach 70%. The Chianjen, Lingya (2002), Shinshing, Sanmin, Tzuoying, Linyuan, Gangshan, Fengshan, Gueiren, Shinshi, S. District, W. District, and C. District strains showed resistance to permethrin. The 24-h percentage mortalities of Sanmin, Tzuoying, and Gangshan strains with 0.05% lambdacyhalothrin paper did not reach 70%. The resistance ratios of adult mosquitoes of the Chianjen, Lingya (2002), and Lingya (1900R) strains for permethrin compared to susceptible strains were above 312.5X, while those of the 4th instar larvae were 20.8, 37.5, and 102.1, respectively. Results of a synergism study on larvae resistant to permethrin showed correlations to the activities of microsomal monooxygenases and esterases.

並列關鍵字

Aedes aegypti ； insecticide ； insecticide resistance