台灣中部地區黑角舞蛾Lymantria xylina Swinhoe（Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae）之卵塊與卵寄生蜂之生物學探討

Biology of the Casuarina Moth Lymantria xylina Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Egg Masses and Egg Parasitoids in Central Taiwan

林曉民(Hsiao-Min Lin) ； 吳心萍(Xin-Ping Wu) ； 沈澤祈(Tse-Chi Shen) ； 黃紹毅(Shaw-Yhi Hwang)

《台灣昆蟲》 25卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. i+211-220

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2005021

摘要

黑角舞蛾（Lymantria xylina Swinhoe）原為台灣西部沿海林木之害蟲，1995年起，也在台灣中部山區林木及果園造成重大危害，密切監測害蟲密度並進行防治工作是當務之急。本實驗於台灣中部低海拔山區，選擇二水、田中及名間三地區進行卵塊調查。黑角舞蛾族群密度調查結果顯示，以名間地區每公頃10,406枚卵塊最高，卵塊大多產於2 m以下之低處樹幹、枝條上，著生卵塊之附著物粗細與卵塊大小無關，卵塊平均重約244.5 mg，平均含卵粒403粒，以田中森林區之卵塊最大。幼蟲之孵化率因地而異，亦受寄生蜂寄生而影響。卵塊之寄生性天敵以大蛾卵跳小蜂（Ooencyrtus kuvanae）為主，2004年8月之卵塊平均感染率為59％，平均每卵塊可羽化出11隻卵寄生蜂，平均寄生率為3.1%。卵寄生蜂自8月起至10月，感染卵塊程度迅速升高，幾近全面感染。

關鍵字

黑角舞蛾 ； 卵塊 ； 大蛾卵跳小蜂

並列摘要

The casuarina moth (Lymantria xylina Swinhoe) has been identified as a serious defoliator on the western coast of Taiwan. It has spread toward the central mountain areas since 1995. At present, population monitoring and suppression activities are the two main issues for controlling this moth. The objective of this study was to understand the egg mass biology of this moth. This research was conducted in low-elevation mountains located in central Taiwan, including Erh-Shui, Tian-Jhong, and Ming-Chien. Results of this study indicated a large population of this moth in central Taiwan. Especially in the Ming-Chien area, the density could reach 10,406 masses per hectare. Most egg masses were laid on the lower trunk or branches lower than 2 m in height. No significant relationship was found between egg mass size and branch diameter on which the egg mass was deposited. Average weight per egg mass was 244.5 mg and it contained an average of 403 eggs. The hatching rate of the casuarina moth varied among different areas and was also affected by parasitism. Ooencyrtus kuvanae is a major egg parasite of the casuarina moth. The average infection rate of O. kuvanae was about 59%. Each egg mass could hatch 11 O. kuvanae individuals on average, and the mean parasitism rate was about 3.1%. Finally, this study also indicated that from August to October, the rate of parasitism of O. kuvanae increased rapidly from 59% to nearly 100%.

並列關鍵字

casuarina moth ； egg mass ； Ooencyrtus kuvanae