Movement of the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in a Guava Orchard with Special Reference to Its Population Changes

A whole-year census of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), in a guava orchard was conducted to determine its annual population dynamics and diel activity pattern. Movement of the fly into and out of the orchard is also discussed according to its population changes in the orchard. The peak population of B. dorsalis within the orchard coincided with the fruiting season. Inside the orchard, no flies were present in the evening; however, flies were found in the morning and their population reached a peak in the afternoon. Throughout the year females predominated with a mean ratio of 3.69:1. The ratio was higher in the afternoon than in the morning. Most females in the orchard were mated, and most of them were found on the fruit. Censuses in a plum, peach, and loquat orchard during their fruiting seasons were also carried out to confirm some of the findings. Our study indicates that the oriental fruit fly exhibits a diel pattern of movement into and out of the orchard. Females are more likely than males to visit the orchard, and their movement into the orchard seems to be for the purpose of oviposition.

關鍵字

fruit flies ； Bactrocera dorsalis ； behavior ； ecology ； diel pattern

並列摘要

本試驗在農業試驗所一處番石榴園內調查東方果實蠅全年及單日之族群變動，並依據東方果實蠅在園內之族群變動推論此果實蠅遷移於果園內外的情形。試驗結果顯示，東方果實蠅在果園內的族群高峰期與果實成熟期一致，且其族群數量每日有一週期性的變化。在果園內之夜間調查中並未發現東方果實蠅，果實蠅在早上才出現於果園中，並於下午數量達到高峰。果園內的東方果實蠅以雌性為主，其雌雄性比為3.69：1，而下午果園內雌蟲的比例更較上午為高。大多數在果園內的雌蟲為已交尾者，且多停留於果實上。另外我們也同樣在農業試驗所之李園、桃園、及枇杷園內，於果實成熟期調查東方果實蠅的族群變動情形，以對照番石榴園的試驗結果。本研究顯示東方果實蠅每日以一週期性的固定模式遷移於果園內外。雌蟲較雄蟲喜於遷入果園，而雌蟲進入果園的目的應是為了產卵。

並列關鍵字

果實蠅； Bactrocera dorsalis ；行為；生態；日週期模式

國際替代計量

Movement of the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in a Guava Orchard with Special Reference to Its Population Changes

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