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Unwelcome Naturalization of Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae) in Taiwan

臺灣新歸化有毒雜草-銀膠菊(菊科)

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摘要


Parthenium hysterophorus, originally native to the Caribbean Basin, is an adventive species that poses great threat to agriculture and human health in India. Its recent naturalization in southern Taiwan is here reported. A taxonomic description and a line drawing are prepared. Cytological studies show that the plant has a gametic chromosome number of n= 17. Notes and discussions are given concerning its mode of pollination, ecology, and medical significance.

並列摘要


銀膠菊(Parthenium hysterophorus L.)為菊科草本植物,原産於美國南部、墨西哥、宏都拉斯、西印度羣島以及南美洲,目前廣泛侵入其他亞熱帶與溫帶地區,往往大量滋生,形成優勢雜草。在印度地區對當地民衆造成過敏性接觸皮膚炎、空中花粉過敏症、氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、支氣管炎,且屢傳牲畜誤食中毒;更由於生長迅速,繁殖力強,對農業造成嚴重危害。本文報導此一不受歡迎的銀膠菊在臺灣南部已呈歸化現象,爰繪製其外形及解剖圖,並對分類及生態性狀加以描述討論,且報導其染色體數。期盼國人及農業機構未雨綢繆,加強此一有害雜草之防除,免其散佈肆虐。

並列關鍵字

銀膠菊 植物分類學 染色體數 生態 毒草

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