THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-BAI AND THE FORMATION OF CHINESE

原始白语的重构与汉语的形成

汪锋(Feng Wang)

《Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series》 29期 (2019/12) Pp. 44-60

摘要

The Bai language, as a sister language of Chinese, has ever been an enigma of Sino-Tibetan family. To solve this enigma, the tree structure of Sino- Tibetan family as the background should be checked first. As the Bai language has a long-term contact with Chinese, the reconstruction of Proto-Bai becomes necessary in order to exclude late borrowings from Chinese. Studies along this way not only shed light on the formation of Proto-Bai, but also on the formation of Chinese. It has been noticed that lexical items may reflect the partial connection between languages. Looking into more basic functional items like negators in Bai dialects, it is suggested that some surrounding Yi languages may have played a role in the evolution of the Bai language. The multi-language ecology of the Bai language is similar to Chinese, especially at the stage of initial China.

關鍵字

Proto-Bai ； Sino-Tibetan ； Trans-Himalayan ； Chinese ； Ecology

並列摘要

白语是汉语的姐妹语，曾一直是汉藏语系属研究的一个谜。解决这个疑团先要检讨汉藏语系的谱系结构。白语和汉语有长期的接触史，有必要重构原始白语以排除后期汉语借词。这方面的研究不仅可以揭示原始白语的形成，也可以启发我们对于汉语形成的理解。词汇可以部分展示语言之间的关联。如果细究白语方言中的一些基本的功能性成分，譬如，否定形式，可以看出周边的彝语也曾在白语演变中起了重要作用。白语发展中的多语共存的生态环境或许跟汉语起始阶段的情形类似。

並列關鍵字

原始白语 ； 汉藏语 ； 泛喜马拉雅 ； 汉语 ； 生态