CHINESE CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES REVISITED

中文分类范畴的重新审视

罗飒岚(Sara Rovira Esteva)

《Journal of Chinese Linguistics》 36卷1期 (2008/01) Pp. 106-120

摘要

Allan's (1977) paper on classifiers has been widely cited since its publication and has been a work of reference for researchers on classifiers since then. His main argument was that, independently from the number of measure words a language had, seven classification categories common to all classifying languages could be identified. Namely, material, shape, consistency, size, location, arrangement and quanta. However, nobody has implemented his findings systematically to any particular language. Following his catalogue of seven universal categories and their subcategories, in this paper we attempt to conduct a descriptive study to identify which of Allan's universal classifying categories are actually relevant to the Chinese classifying system. In doing so, we will also review the main contributions made by other authors to the subject.

關鍵字

Chinese classifiers ； measure words ； cognitive category ； universal categories

並列摘要

爱伦（Allan）于1977年发表的关于量词的文章成为各地学者研究量词经常参考的文献。该内容主要提出的是分类语言无论具有多少量词，都包含七种共同的大范畴，即：材料、形状、密度、大小、位置与数量。根据笔者所知，至今尚未有人将爱伦的研究有系统地应用在任何语言上。按照爱伦的七种主要宇宙范畴以及其附属范畴，笔者将在本文采用其结论，并针对是否适用于中文分类系统进行解析研究；同时也将探讨其他学者对此议题的有关见解。

並列關鍵字

中文量词 ； 认知范畴 ； 宇宙范畴