晚清臺灣齋堂題匾之官紳

嘉慶年間，中國大陸華北仍流傳著被官方視為「邪教」的各種羅教分支。道光以降，繼贛、浙、閩之後，閩浙總督又在湖北破獲羅教分支。而為其宣教者皆為有功名的知識分子。光緒年間，羅教持續在華北與江南各省活動，屢被查抄，但勢力未見稍減，且獲得知識分子，甚至官紳的支持。羅教（齋教）早在乾隆年間傳入臺灣，由於屬於秘密宗教，其在中國大陸不時遭受官方取締，但在臺灣則未見到這方面的文獻記載，相反地，羅教所建立的齋堂在臺則多有記錄留存。本文旨在透過晚清官紳留存於臺的九塊齋堂題匾，一窺道光之後，官方對於羅教取締力道漸弱，以及官紳護持下齋教在臺發展趨勢。

關鍵字

羅教；齋堂；《五部六冊》；匾額

並列摘要

Though regarded by the authorities as heretical cults, various branches of Luojiao羅教 (Luo teaching) still propagated in northern China during the Jiaqing Period (1796-1820). Starting from the Daoguang period (1820-1850), the Viceroy of Min-Zhe aggressively persecuted the Luo sect in Hubei, having already done so in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Fujian. The sect's supporters were all intellectuals who had passed the imperial exams. Despite suffering repeated persecutions, the Luo sect maintained its activities in northern and southern China in the Guangxu period (1875-1908). It continued to receive support, both from intellectuals as well as officials and gentry. Luojiao, also called as Zhaijiao齋教 (vegetarian teaching), was brought into Taiwan in the early Qianlong period. Although it was frequently suppressed by authorities in mainland China due to being regarded as a secret cult, there is no record of such crackdowns in Taiwan. Rather, Taiwanese records show the existence of many Zhaitang齋堂 (vegetarian hall) established by the Luo sect in Taiwan. This article aims to study the development of Zhaijiao by means of eight plagues found in Taiwanese Zhaitang, seeking to understand the weakening of the suppression of Luojiao after the Daoguang period, as well as the support provided by officials and gentry to the development of Zhaijiao in Taiwan in the late Qing.