宋代《文殊指南圖讚》刊本對〈入法界品〉的圖文表現與運用

《文殊指南圖讚》（以下簡稱《圖讚》）現存宋代刊本，由佛國惟白禪師（活躍1038－1101）作讚、張商英（1043－1122）作序，後收錄於《大正藏》和《續藏經》之中。本文以吉石盦叢書本《圖讚》為研究對象。《圖讚》題材取自《華嚴經．入法界品》，以文為主、圖為輔的手法來詮釋佛教典籍，記述的內容是善財童子五十三參──這個充滿精進求道精神的佛經典故。此文本不僅為少數研究佛國惟白思想的重要參考文獻之一，其內容也顯示了此時宗派間佛學的融合之勢──援引華嚴義理以為禪宗思想之闡發，這同時也是中國禪宗發展史上一個重要的議題。本文藉由解析《圖讚》之圖文內容與印刷版式，進一步探討宋代禪宗由於受到政治、社會形勢的變化，以及印刷技術發達與公案普及的影響，進而促進了傳播方式的革新與義理詮釋方式的改變，賦予了佛經新的風貌，最後論及文本中如何運用〈入法界品〉的內容，以行使「藉教悟宗」的目的。

關鍵字

佛國惟白；佛經版畫；禪教融合；雲門宗；禪宗

並列摘要

Chan master Foguo's Wenshu Zhinan Tuzan 文殊指南圖讚 (Chan Master Foguo's Illustrated Verses of Praise on the Teaching of Manjuśrī, hereinafter referred to as Tuzan) was prefaced by Zhang Shangying (1043- 1122) and published in the Song Dynasty. It is now included in the Xuzangjing (The Dainihon Zokuzokyo) and Taishō Tripiṭaka. The version used in this paper is the Jishian version. The Tuzan takes as its subject matter the "Entry Into the Realm of Reality" chapter of the Avatamsaka Sūtra, which describes the fifty-three visits of Sudhana-sresthi-daraka. This text is not only one of the few important references for studying the thought of Master Foguo, but also shows the trend of integration of Buddhism among different sects at the time. Huayan thought is often used to elucidate Chan thought, which is also an important topic in the history of Buddhism. By analyzing the content of the Tuzan, this paper extends the discussion to explore how Chan Buddhism in the Song Dynasty, due to technological developments and the prevalence of gongan 公案 practice, led to innovations in the communication and interpretation of its philosophy, which gave rise to a new form of Buddhist scripture. Finally, the paper discusses how to apply the content of the Gaṇḍavyūha to the purpose of "realizing in the Chan via learning Buddhist doctrine 藉教悟宗."