从跨文本阅读到文本／共处的诠释－希伯来智慧书及《论语》中的天人维度

普遍认为，人类在经典世界中的宗教著述里，共享了对人与神之理解的基本追寻。在历史、社会与政治进程中，大多数经典都不能孤立发展，也不能离开其他经典而被解释。在今天全球化的世界里，在宗教多元以及宗教群体毗邻的世界里，这样的情形尤为真实。但是，在对儒家与基督教进行比较研究的领域里，基于对神与人之理解的不同观念，学术的进路通常倾向于将两种传统一般化和两极化，总体而言，认为圣经宗教本质上是主张神权和超越的，而儒家传统基本主张以人为本，是人文主义的。本文仔细探察这种特征化描述，通过一种笔者提倡的文本／共处诠释方法，去解读希伯来智慧文本与儒家的《论语》，在两个不同的经典传统中发现常被忽略的方面。二者在人存在的超越与内蕴两个维度上存在张力，能够将二者维持在一种健康而具有创造性的平衡中的，是希伯来圣经与儒家《论语》中的智慧。

關鍵字

文本／共处诠释；中国圣经研究；《论语》；希伯来智慧文学；超越与内蕴

並列摘要

It is commonly believed that there are some shared basic quests for understanding the human and the divine in the religious writings of the scriptural worlds of humanity. Most scriptures did not develop in isolation nor were they interpreted independently from other scriptures in their historical socio-political processes. This reality is especially true in today's globalized world, with its religious plurality and close proximity of religious communities. Academic approaches in the field of comparative studies of Confucianism and Christianity have usually, however, tended to generalize and polarize the two traditions based on different notions of the divine and the human: biblical religion is, on the whole, seen as theocratic and transcendental in nature while Confucian tradition is basically anthropocentric and humanistic in its outlook. This article intends to scrutinize this characterization by adopting the method of ＂con/textual interpretation＂, a method put forward by the author, to read the Hebrew Wisdom texts and the Confucian Analects to recover often-neglected aspects in their respective scriptural traditions. There is a tension between the two dimensions of human existence of the transcendent and the immanent, but keeping both in a healthy and creative balance is the wisdom of the Hebrew Bible and that of the Confucian Analects.

並列關鍵字

Con/textual interpretation ； Biblical studies in China ； Confucian Analects ； Hebrew Wisdom Literature ； transcendence and immanence

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