The paper mainly discusses the operation and management of National Archives in Taiwan. First, the establishment and mission of national archives of the United States, Canada, South Korea and Australia are analyzed. Second, according to conditions and problems of records and archives management in Taiwan, four major issues were found: 1. the relationship between the authority of archives and records management and national archives, 2. functions distinguished from national archives to local public archives, 3. the decentralized repository of historical records before the implementation of Archives Act, and 4. the competition between National Archives Administration and cultural and historical institutions. Finally, the study makes suggestions to the National Archives in Taiwan creating a new look in the future.