男子手球選手競技倦怠對競賽壓力之影響－以正向心理資本為調節變項

The effects of male handball players' athletic burnout on competition pressure~using positive psychological costs as moderator variables

張簡坤明(Kun-Ming Chang Chien)

《高科大體育》 1期 (2018/12) Pp. 33-47

摘要

本研究以正向心理資本為調節變項，探討男子手球選手競技倦怠對競賽壓力之影響。以237位男子手球選手（大學112、高中125）為對象進行調查研究，採用正向心理資本、競賽壓力與競技倦怠等三個量表為工具，經採交互作用迴歸分析統計方法處理，顯著水準訂為α=.05。研究結果發現：1.「情緒與身體耗竭*自我效能」的交互作用能負向預測競賽壓力的「觀眾壓力」；而降低成就感*自我效能」的交互作能正向預測競賽壓力的「觀眾壓力」。2.「降低成就感*自我效能」的交互作用能正向預測競賽壓力的「教練壓力」。3.「對運動貶價*復原力」的交互作用能負向預測競賽壓力的「特質性焦慮壓力」。4.選手的情緒與身體耗竭以及降低成就感兩個競技倦怠構面越高，其比賽結果的壓力越高；而運動貶價則越高則其對比賽結果的壓力越低。5.「對運動貶價*自我效能」的交互作用能負向預測競賽壓力的「比賽結果壓力」。顯示正向心理資本在男子手球選手的競技倦怠與競賽壓力之間具有顯著的調節效果。最後根據研究結果，提供男子手球教練訓練之參考，亦對後續研究者提出建議。

關鍵字

正向心理資本 ； 競技倦怠 ； 競賽壓力

並列摘要

This study used positive psychological costs as moderator variables to explore the effects of male handball players' athletic burnout on competition pressure. Participants were 237 male handball players (112 college players and 125 high school players) and three scales about positive psychological costs, competition pressure, and athletic burnout were used to collect data. These data were later analyzed statistically with interactive regression analysis. Level of significance was α=.05.The research findings are as follows: 1.The interaction of emotional-physical exhaustion and self-efficacy can negatively predict the ＂audience pressure＂ in competition pressure, while the interaction of lowering sense of achievement and self-efficacy can positively predict the ＂audience pressure＂ in competition pressure. 2.The interaction of lowering sense of achievement and self-efficacy can positively predict the ＂coach pressure＂ in competition pressure. 3. The interaction of depreciating athletics and recovering ability can negatively predict the ＂trait anxiety pressure＂ in competition pressure. 4. The higher the players score in emotional-physical exhaustion and lowering sense of achievement (two aspects in athletic burnout), the higher their pressure is on competition results; while the higher they score in depreciating athletics, the lower their pressure is on competition results. 5. The interaction of depreciating athletics and self-efficacy can negatively predict the ＂pressure on competition result＂. The findings show that positive psychological costs have significant moderating effects on male handball players' athletic burnout and competition pressure. The findings above can serve as reference for male handball coaches to train their players. Some suggestions are also provided for further research.

並列關鍵字

positive psychological costs ； athletic burnout ； competition pressure