扯鈴歷史與傳佈的探析

Study of the Spread and Development of Diabolo

蔡沂蓁(Tsai, Chi-Chen)

《高科大體育》 3期 (2020/12) Pp. 47-56

摘要

據有確實資料可查的空竹最早的文獻記載，應當是《水滸全傳》第一百十回中：「此是胡敲也（注：即現在的空竹）。用手牽動，自然有聲。」這一筆資料。扯鈴明朝時稱「空鐘」，清朝時稱「空竹」；揚州人稱「地嗡子」，上海人稱「地黃牛」，江蘇儀徵人稱「抖嗡」，北平人稱「風葫蘆」，河南人稱「抖老牛」，江蘇如皋人稱「扯腰兒」；因其響聲得名如「空鐘」、「響鈴」、「抖嗡」、「打嗡嗡」、「打地雷」。扯鈴在國際的流傳的流傳情形：有可能已傳入日本近千年，十八世紀時傳入歐洲，十九世紀歐美發明安全扯鈴，日治時期（1908）年日本扯鈴曾傳台但未形成風潮推展開來。而扯鈴在台灣再度風行要等到1983年國民政府把扯鈴列為復興中華文化的重要民俗體育項目。民國71年因廖達鵬先生在基隆的中正國中成立國內的第一支扯鈴隊，並到全國各地示範演出之後，才被正式納入民俗體育的正式項目推展開來，現今台灣參與扯鈴運動人口密度已為世界第一。

關鍵字

扯鈴 ； 民俗體育 ； 雜技歷史

並列摘要

According to the earliest documentary record of diabolo found should be＜＜Shui Hu Zhuan＞＞ chapter 110 mentioned:「this is knock (means diabolo) pull by hand and make some noise」. Ming Dynasty call the diabolo「Kong Zhang」. Qing Dynasty call the diabolo「Kong Zhu」. Yangzhou people call the diabolo「Ground hoko」. Shanghai people call the diabolo「Ground cattle」. Jiangsu yizheng people call the diabolo 「Shaking hum」. Peiping people call the diabolo「wind gourd」. Henan people call the diabolo 「shake old cow」. Jianghu rugao people call the diabolo「pull the waist」.Because people pull the diabolo sound like「Kong Zhu (ring the bell)」 「ringing」 「shaking」 「buzzing」 「thunder」.It may have been nearly a thousand years since the introduction of the diabolo to Japan. In the 18th century,it was introduced to Europe. In the 19th century, Europeans invented the safety diabolo. Japan colonial period(1908), Japanese once spread the diabolo to Taiwan, but it did not become a trend. In 1982,when Mr. Liao Dapen established the first Diabolo team in Keelung Zhongzheng Junior High school and performing demonstrations in various place, Diabolo was made in the official folk sports project and developed. In 1983 Diabolo become popular again in Taiwan because the National Government listed it as an important folk sports events for the revival of Chinese culture. The population density of Taiwan participating in Diabolo is now the highest in the world.

並列關鍵字

Diabolo ； folk sports ； acrobatics history