Based on the perspective of industrial transformation and upgrading, a multiple linear regression model is established. Starting with the factors of factor input and competitive structure, this study empirically analyzes the impact of different factors on the output performance of China's high‐tech industry and the dynamic mechanism, and explores the development path of improving performance and efficiency of China's high‐tech industry. The empirical results show that the input of labor force has a significant negative effect on the increase of output value of high‐tech industry, and R & D investment and deep participation in the international market have a significant positive effect on the increase of output value. Firstly, the effect of R & D investment on output performance exceeds the effect of market structure, indicating that increasing R & D investment and improving product innovation and scientific and technological autonomy are the core driving force for high‐tech industry to improve performance. Secondly, in terms of labor factor input, high‐tech industries need talent quality rather than quantity. Excessive labor input has a negative effect on output performance.