How to promote high‐quality economic development in the new period has become a research topic in academic circles. In order to clearly grasp the current status of scientific and technological innovation and high‐quality economic development in Gansu Province and provide a reference for scientific and technological innovation and high-quality economic development in Gansu Province in the future, this paper used the methods of entropy-new proximity-modified coupling coordination degree model to evaluate the level of technological innovation and high‐quality economic development in Gansu Province and national average level from 2010 to 2019 and their status of coupling coordination. The results shows that: (1)In 2019, the evaluation scores of scientific and technological innovation and high‐quality economic development in Gansu Province were respectively 34.35% and 63.95% of national average level. From 2010 to 2019, Gansu Province failed to achieve a big step towards national average level. (2)From 2010 to 2019, Gansu Province has initially realized the benign interaction between the two systems of scientific and technological innovation and high‐quality economic development, achieved a rise from the stage of near uncoupling to grudging coordination. But the level of benign interaction needs to be improved, which is two stages behind national average level.