Promoting the healthy and orderly development of the shale gas industry is of great significance for alleviating the contradiction between natural gas supply and demand in China and optimizing the energy consumption structure. Based on the concept of green development and sustainable development, this paper sorts out the problems in the current shale gas industry from the guiding ideology, development model to ecological governance. The study finds three significant contradictions in the present "pollution first, treatment later" development model: firstly, the leading idea contradicts the concept of green development. Secondly, the development model rejects the idea of sustainable development. Thirdly, the waste disposal capacity contradicts the actual needs. For this reason, according to the current exploration progress and development status of China's shale gas industry, this paper considers the construction path of the shale gas industry ecological governance system from three aspects: the leading idea, the development model and the technical level according to the above contradictions.