Since the fourth national economic crime investigation work conference, it has become one of the key contents of economic investigation work to comprehensively improve the ability and level of fighting against economic crime and prevent the risks brought by economic crime.Therefore, from the perspective of risk, it is of great significance to identify and evaluate the risk-based economic crime.Firstly, this paper explores the concept of risk in the risk-based economic crime, and puts forward three kinds of understandings about the risk associated with economic crime; secondly, it defines the risk-based economic crime from the perspective of risk composition, and defines the risk-based economic crime from the perspective of risk identification; thirdly, it defines the real estate industry's illegal operation crime and its group events as an example, this paper puts forward the idea of risk-based economic crime identification and evaluation; finally, it probes into the risk prevention countermeasures of risk-based economic crime.