In order to study the temporal and spatial distribution of moisture migration of expansive soil slopes by rainfall, the FISH language programming program based on FLAC3D software introduces expansion deformation into the fluid-solid coupling model, and proposes a multi-field coupling analysis method of expansion-seepage-stress. Through the establishment of a numerical model of expansive soil slopes, the change process of rainwater infiltration of expansive soil slopes under rainfall conditions was reproduced, the change law of pore water pressure under different rainfall durations was studied, and the influence of swelling deformation on the seepage process was explored. Studies have shown that the pore water pressure presents a slow-increase-slow trend. Expansion deformation has an inhibitory effect on the water migration of the slope, and the time lag of the decrease in the infiltration depth, the distribution of the transient saturation zone, and the development of the wet front affected by the expansion deformation is prolonged.