There are various methods for detecting internal voids in concrete structures, but each method has different identification accuracy, efficiency, and applicable conditions. In this experiment, a known depth of hollow concrete embankment test section was used to detect the depth of the embankment void using ground‐penetrating radar and ultrasonic phased array methods. Through comparative analysis, the advantages and limitations of various detection methods were summarized. It was found that when detecting the embankment void, the ground‐penetrating radar method had the highest identification accuracy, followed by the ultrasonic phased array method. If a larger area needs to be detected, the ground‐penetrating radar method can be selected; if the size of the void needs to be measured, the ultrasonic phased array method is a better choice.