At present, the scale of local government debt in China is constantly expanding and risks are constantly rising, it is imperative to take effective measures to manage government debt and prevent and control debt risks. Government accounting reform is a powerful measure to strengthen the debt management of the local government in China. Based on the difficulties of local government debt management, this paper analyzes the major reforms of Chinese government accounting and analyzes the effects of government accounting reform on local government in terms of information supply, debt disclosure, and risk prevention and control.