With the acceleration of the process of social aging in China, ensuring the mental health of the elderly to promote the realization of active aging has become a hot issue of public concern. Based on this situation, many studies have selected the elderly as a group to conduct a series of related studies, and some studies have studied specific older persons, such as widowed seniors. Widowhood, as one of the major negative life events in the course of life, is bound to bring a lot of mental health problems to the elderly, widowhood means that the elderly have lost important social support, the elderly will always be immersed in grief. The negative impact of widowhood on older people has been confirmed by some studies. This paper will summarize the impact of widowhood on the elderly, sort out the factors affecting the mental health of widowed elderly people, and try to provide advice to protect the mental health of widowed elderly people.