專營電子支付機構使用者支付款項之保全規範──以日本支付服務法為比較中心

Articles Regarding the Security of Users' Payments of Specialized Electronic Payment Institutions: Centered around the Payment Services Act of Japan

李旻諺(Ming-Yan Li)

《台日法政研究》 8期 (2022/12) Pp. 1-72

摘要

因應電子支付服務的快速成長，立法院於2020年12月25日三讀通過「電子支付機構管理條例」修正案，希望透過擴大電子支付機構業務範圍，增加民眾使用便利性，能發展與健全產業經營。專營電子支付機構透過收受使用者支付款項，為使用者完成電子支付之服務，如何保障使用者之支付款項，成為電子支付機構管理條例重要議題之一。然而，若採取高強度管制，將造成專營電子支付機構無法靈活運用於經濟活動的資金增加，並不利於經濟發展。本文透過日本支付服務法對於使用者資金保全規範之觀察，檢視我國電子支付機構管理條例對於使用者支付款項之保全規範。發現電子支付機構管理條例對於專營電子支付機構有過多疊床架屋的管制，不僅效果有限，反而增加專營電子支付機構之法遵成本，進而妨礙電子支付業務發展。立法者應思考如何在確保使用者支付款項與發展電子支付產業間取得平衡，保留應有的管制措施，放寬不必要之管制，減少電子支付機構之法遵成本，才能有效率的促進電子支付產業之發展。

關鍵字

支付款項 ； 足額準備金 ； 交付信託 ； 十足履約保證 ； 清償基金 ； 支付款項之運用 ； 日本支付服務法

並列摘要

As a response to the rapid growth of electronic payment services, the Legislative Yuan has passed the third reading of the amendment of The Act Governing Electronic Payment Institutions in December 25, 2020, in hopes of expanding the services of electronic payment institutions, enhance accessibility for the public, and eventually achieve the development of a healthy business operating environment. Specialized electronic payment institutions provide electronic payment services for its users by collecting and making payments for them, thus the question regarding how to secure the payments of its users has become an important issue of The Act Governing Electronic Payment Institutions. But if we raise the bar too high, it might result in the inability for specialized electronic payment institutions to agilely utilize increasing funds in economic activities, damaging economic development in the end. This article examines the articles regarding the security of users' payments of The Act Governing Electronic Payment Institutions of Taiwan by observing the articles regarding the security of users' funds in the Payment Services Act of Japan, only to discover that there are many overlapping restrictions towards specialized electronic payment institutions in The Act Governing Electronic Payment Institutions. This not only has little effect on achieving the goals but also piles up the costs of compliance for specialized electronic payment institutions, which hinders the development of electronic payment services as a result. Legislators should think about how to achieve a balance between the security of users' payments and the development of electronic payment business, preserving appropriate regulations and loosening unnecessary restrictions; only by reducing the costs of compliance for electronic payment institutions can we efficiently stimulate the development of electronic payment business.

並列關鍵字

Payment ； Sufficient Reserves ； Transfer to Trustee ； Full Guarantee ； Sinking Fund ； Utilizations of Funds ； Payment Services Act of Japan

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