1950年代國民黨宣傳體系的建置：以文化下鄉為探討中心

The Establishment of Kuomintang's Propaganda System: A Focus on the Strategies of ＂To-the-countryside＂ Cultural Movement

林佳樺(Lin, Chia-hua)

《第十屆發展研究年會　台灣經驗2.0：在地與全球的發展研究與實踐》 2018 (2018/10) Pp. 1241-1265

https://doi.org/10.6392/ACDS.201810.0051

摘要

1950年代中國國民黨的宣傳體系，藉由設置專門機關統籌，有系統的動員黨全體的力量，從黨中央到區域性的組織動員，提供各單位或黨員執行宣傳工作的基本指導方針，讓黨員能與群眾互動，並進行各項活動的策劃與不同文化機構合作，透過多元的宣傳管道來達成對民眾宣傳的效益。因此本文將運用現存史料，從當時的時空背景與環境的形塑，探討1950年代藉由各項文化下鄉的宣傳策略，諸如巡迴服務箱宣傳工作、反共抗俄列車、公路宣傳列車及山地宣傳工作等，如何向民眾進行各項政令或政策宣傳之任務。此外，將從宣傳體系的建立、對民眾宣傳的管道、宣傳内容及宣傳工具等方向進行考察，以釐清國民黨在對民眾進行「建設臺灣為復興基地」的宣傳及其成效。希冀透過點、線、到面的研究，逐步釐清1950年代在建設臺灣的同時，如何運用現代的技術，來強化對民眾的對國家政策的認識與順從，從底層開始緊密動員全民的力量，來鞏固國家統治的正當性。

關鍵字

中國國民黨 ； 蔣中正 ； 電化教育 ； 宣傳 ； 文化下鄉

並列摘要

This study aims to investigate how Kuomintang (the Nationalist Party, KMT) executed its propagandistic missions through the strategies of ＂to-the-countryside＂ cultural movement, by means such as the use of traveling service box, anti-communist propaganda train and road bus, along with other propaganda directed towards Taiwan's indigenous tribes. The KMT propaganda system in the 1950s Taiwan established specialized agencies to enact organizational mobilization thoroughly from both central and regional committees of the party, achieving the purpose of propaganda through various ways. These specialized agencies provide basic propaganda guidelines for units and individuals of the party, facilitating their interaction with the masses while planning activities and cooperation with different cultural agencies. Starting with the establishment of propaganda system, this study examines the courses, contents and tools of KMT's propaganda in order to demonstrate the achievements on the promotion of ＂Building Taiwan as the Fuxing Jidi (Base for Recovery of the Mainland) for Anti-Communism.＂ By using modern technology to shape and strengthen people's obedience and knowledge towards its national policies, KMT thus obtained its legitimacy consolidation in the 1950s Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Kuomintang ； Chiang Kai-Shek ； Electrified Education ； Propaganda ； ＂To-the-countryside＂ Cultural Movement