蘭嶼原住民聚落之永續傳承價值與可能之保存方式

蘭嶼是位於台灣東南方的小島，島上原住民所發展出包括有地下主屋、高屋與涼台之住屋建築，同時具有穴居與干欄式建築之特色，呈現出獨特的聚落風貌與建築文化。1970年代以後，隨著原住民生活方式與經濟型態之逐漸改變，以及外來建築材料與工法之傳入，傳統聚落中開始出現影響原有風貌的建築。為希望對變遷中的傳統聚落，重新定位其時代意涵，並對保存、修復與活用方式提供執行上的方向，以對今後永續發展有所幫助，本研究以蘭嶼之朗島村為對象進行調查，在其具有變化性與動態平衡之聚落文化特色中，嘗試釐清必須保存的核心價值、可以因保存再生而可被喚回部分、鼓勵居民恢復的價值觀，以及必須接受的改變，並提出可能的保存提案。

關鍵字

蘭嶼；原住民；聚落；建築特色；修復保存

並列摘要

Orchid Island is a small island located to the southeast of Taiwan. Indigenous People on the island developed their own architecture with underground main dwellings, high dwellings, and pile-raised resting platforms. Such housing has shared features with cave dwellings and stilt architecture from the same time, representing an unique landscape and architectural culture. From the 1970s, with gradual changes in indigenous lifestyles as well as the introduction of new architectural materials and techniques, buildings of discord began to appear that affected the indigenous landscape. In order to re-think the value of the traditional settlements and architecture in a changing time, and to provide possible directions for the conservation, restoration, and revitalization of the buildings to assist in sustainable development, this study took Iraralai settlement on Orchid Island as a case study. In its traditional culture with variability and dynamic equilibrium this study attempted to clarify the core values that must be preserved, the parts that may be reclaimed through conservation and revitalization, the values that residents should be encouraged to possess again, as well as the adaption that must be accepted. Possible alternatives for conservation are also proposed.