轉化文言文「述賓類」特殊語序語法的文言文閱讀理解策略之研究－國中文言文教學取向

The Study on Classical Chinese Reading Comprehension Strategies of Transforming Classical Chinese ＂Language Order＂ Grammar of ＂Verb-Object Category＂-Orientation on Classical Chinese Instruction in the Classroom of Junior High School

郭男先

《語文教育學報》 7期 (2022/02) Pp. 55-100

摘要

筆者為釜底抽薪解決國中國文老師教授文言文與學生學習文言文的困境，特從文言文語法學中特殊語序的角度，發展文言文閱讀理解策略。筆者採文獻分析法及歸納法，先從文言文語法學相關論著，找尋有關「述賓類」特殊語序語法知識，再分類、歸納與統整這些知識，並從中轉化成文言文閱讀理解策略，結果共萃取出九個策略：「疑－述對調」、「否－代（名）述對調」、「指－述對調」、「所－述對調」、「相－述對調」、「見－述對調」、「人－述對調」、「述－賓對調去結助」、「名－述對調」，最後將這些策略依國中生程度改寫成學習單並據以製作成PPT簡報，接著透過Ever Came軟體將該投影片錄成教學影片，如此便完成了文言文閱讀理解策略的教學準備。筆者期冀本研究提供之策略可增進學生文言文「自學」能力，亦可遷移這些策略至陌生文言文本閱讀理解上。

關鍵字

文言文語法（古漢語語法） ； 文言文教學 ； 文言文閱讀理解策略 ； 述賓類特殊語序語法

並列摘要

This study aims to develop Classical Chinese reading comprehension strategies in order to solve the difficulties in teaching and learning Classical Chinese. The researcher used the methods of ＂Document Analysis＂ and ＂Induction＂. First, the researcher explored the definitions of ＂Classical Chinese＂, ＂Classical Chinese reading comprehension strategies＂, and ＂Classical Chinese grammar＂ from the related literature. Second, the researcher examined the grammatical order of verb-object in Classical Chinese from the literature of Classical Chinese grammar. Third, the researcher integrated the findings, and transformed them into Classical Chinese reading comprehension strategies. They include nine types: ＂exchanging interrogative pronouns-verb＂, ＂exchanging privative word-pronoun (noun)-verb＂, ＂exchanging demonstrative pronoun-verb＂, ＂exchanging Suŏ-verb＂, ＂exchanging Xiāng-verb＂, ＂exchanging Jiàn-verb＂, ＂exchanging personal pronoun -verb＂, ＂exchanging verb-object and delete structural particle＂, ＂exchanging noun -verb＂. There are usages, definitions, explanation in every strategy. Fourth, the researcher transformed the nine strategies into work sheets for students, and powerpoint slides. Fifth, the slides were made into instructional videos for teaching Classical Chinese reading comprehension strategies in the junior high classroom. The researcher hopes that the nine strategies can improve students' self-learning abilities in studying Classical Chinese and provide guidance for Chinese teachers in junior high schools.

並列關鍵字

Classical Chinese grammar ； Classical Chinese instruction ； Classical Chinese reading comprehension strategies ； ＂language order＂ grammar of ＂verb-object category＂